1. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 1 Useful Communication Skills for Urban Planning UPA Package 5, Module 6

2. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 2 Communication The four aspects of a message: Self-Disclosure Objective Content Relationship Appeal Source: Schulz von Thun, 2004:12

3. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 3 Example The traffic light ahead is green! Are you driving or I? HusbandWife Source: Schulz von Thun 2004: 9 (adapted)

4. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 4 Negotiation Strategy Five steps compose a negotiation strategy: Step 1Do not react! Step 2Disarm them! Step 3Change the game! Step 4Make it easy to say yes! Step 5Make it hard to say no! Conclusion: Turn adversaries into parties. From face to face confrontation to side by side problem solving. Source: Ury, 1991

5. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 5 Teamwork Working in a team means to encourage a group to do their best to discover hidden abilities of the group members to train the group to reveal their A good team is an active group with a common goal, a close relation, good results and a spirit of harmony. GroupTeam We-feelingSynergetic effect += With leader or without

6. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 6 Benefits of Teamwork added creativity, efficiency, and effectiveness of work greater ability to get work done in the long run more effective problem solving mutual learning added commitment to high quality results increased responsiveness to client needs, interests and concerns more rapid response time improved collaboration among team members and with their clients

7. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 7 Team Development Stages of team development 1.Orientation 2.Conflict 3.Collaboration 4.Productivity 5.Changing Source: DFID, 2002 : 8.2

8. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 8 Managing Team Conflicts Six questions to manage team conflicts: 1.What is the conflict? 2.What is the common goal? 3.What are the options? 4.What are the barriers? 5.What meets the needs of both parties? 6.What is the solution? Source: Adapted from Spiegel and Torres in DFID (2002), section 8.3

9. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 9 How Can You Help Your Team? (1) Phase 1 Establish a safe and open environment. Facilitate learning about each other. Provide clarification where the team needs. Establish norms for interaction. Encourage an open communication.

10. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 10 How Can You Help Your Team? (2) Phase 2 Give the team advices to handle team conflicts. Encourage team members to share their ideas. Discuss how you will come to decisions. Facilitate conflict reduction.

11. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 11 How Can You Help Your Team? (3) Phase 3 Talk frankly about issues and members' concerns. Encourage members to give feed back. Assign tasks for decision-making in consensus. Delegate as many tasks as possible to team members.

12. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 12 How Can You Help Your Team? (4) Phase 4 Set goals challenging all team members. Look for ways to enhance the team‘s ability to excel. Develop an ongoing assessment for the team. Recognise individual contributions. Develop members' full potential through coaching and feedback.

13. 5.6.1 Communication, Negotiation and Teamwork 13 How Can You Help Your Team? (5) Phase 5 Decide whether to redefine or close. Celebrate the team‘s accomplishments and the members' mutual growth and accomplishment, if the team ends. Renew the task of team development if the team continues.