1. IST Programme Research Towards Optical Networks in the Information Society Technologies (IST) Workprogramme Andrew Houghton European Commission, DG Information Society andrew.houghton@cec.eu.int ICTON 2000, Gdansk June 5-8, 2000 Optical Research in IST

2. IST Programme EU RTD Programmes strengthen the international competitiveness of Community industry provide appropriate incentives for maintaining and creating jobs in the Community promote sustainable development and improve the quality of life in the Community the needs of other Community policies in support of which the RTD actions are carried out scientific and technical cooperation agreements between the Community and third countries (CD 22.12.98, OJ L26/48)

3. IST Programme 2nd 3rd4th 5th Framework Programme RACE 1 RACE 2 ACTS 1987 19911995 1999 Basic Technologies Services History of the IST Programme TAP Information Society Technologies ESPRIT3 TAP ESPRIT4 ESPRIT

4. IST Programme Fifth Framework Programme Association

5. IST Programme Challenges for the Photonic Network To enable an efficient and affordable communications infrastructure! To enable an efficient and affordable communications infrastructure!

6. IST Programme TELECOMS: SWITCHING and TRANSMISSION INTERNET: ROUTERS and PIPES USE OPTICS for PIPES: +also for ROUTERS??? PIPES: Bit-rates and BER NETWORK: QoS and GRANULARITY TERMINALS: Mobile!! CLIENT LAYERS and/or APPLICATION LAYERS THE NEW PARADIGM FOR COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS

7. IST Programme Progress in Photonics Technologies ~12x DWDM boosts Performance ~4 years Transmission Rate Gbit/s From Research to Commercial availability: 4 Years Lead-time 12 fold Performance Increase

8. IST Programme April 1998: 3 Pan-European network operators April 2000: 25 Pan-European network operators GTS (Hermes/Esprit), Viatel/CIRCE, MCI Worldcom Concert (BT/AT&T), i-21, Level (3), EBN + Global 1 (FT) COLT, Carrier1, KPN Qwest + + … Most of these networks overlap, and cover Amsterdam- London- Paris-Frankfurt, but ignore regions of central Europe, southern Italy, southern Spain... Pan-European Fibreoptic Network Operators OD1

9. IST Programme Optical Transport Layer - DWDM SDH Network User Traffic ATM, Frame Relay IP Packet Services Virtual Circuit Services Circuit Services Optical Services Network Model

10. IST Programme Evolution of Transport Equipment 0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000 10000 next generation photonic equipment volume of installed WDM equipment volume of installed SDH equipment volume of installed PDH equipment Capacity increase at 60% rate per year 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 0,001 Capacity in Gbit/s Year

11. IST Programme $0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800 $900 197519851995200520152025 Other Components Optical Switches Filters Optical Amplifiers Couplers/Splitters Receivers Transmitters Connectors Fiber-Optic Cable We are early in the cycle of growth. ($ billions) Optical Component Market 1975-2025 OD71

12. IST Programme “THE PROBLEM AREAS IN OPTICAL NETWORKS ARE MOSTLY NON-OPTICAL” ALL NETWORKS USE MORE AND MORE OPTICS BUT OPTICAL HARDWARE IS A DECREASING PROBLEM THE PRIORITY RTD FOR FUTURE OPTICAL NETWORKS MAY BE IN MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, PROTOCOLS, MAC LAYERS, CLIENT ADAPTATION LAYERS…. CAN OPTICAL RTD BE DIRECTED TO SOLVING THESE PROBLEMS? (+FOR ACCESS NETWORKS, RTD IN DIGGING HOLES??? ) THE PARADOX FOR OPTICAL NETWORK R+D

13. IST Programme Challenges for Photonic Core Networks Increase Capacity per Fibre Efficient Optical Network Nodes (Cross-connects and Multiplexers) Management System Protection and Restoration

14. IST Programme Photonic Networking Evolution 1996199920032006 Technology evolution WDM transmission OADM WDM transmission with add/drop OADM WDM rings with node addressing OADM WDM rings with full connectivity OXC Interconnected rings and mesh topologies Year

15. IST Programme European Information Infrastructure Core Network: 2003 WDM Ring Network: “Domains” linked by switches “Domains” linked by switches

16. IST Programme European Information Infrastructure Core Network: 2007 Meshed WDM Network: Cross-connects, OADMs and Terabit/s links Clients: SDH, ATM, IP, NGP?

17. IST Programme Challenges for Photonic Metropolitan Networks Support All Services (Internet, Mobile, Broadcast) Flexible Bandwidth Allocation Flexible Cross-connects and Multiplexers Efficient Interfacing with Communications Higher Layers (IP) Interworking with other Networks Management System Protection and Restoration

18. IST Programme Challenges for Photonic Access Networks LOW COST - AFFORDABLE ACCESS! Efficient Combination with other Technologies (wireless, xDSL...) Flexible Bandwidth Allocation Cheap and easy-to-use Access Gateways Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime

19. IST Programme User and Service Requirements 1E+00 1E+01 1E+02 1E+03 1E+04 1E+021E+031E+041E+051E+061E+071E+08 1E+09 Information content (bits) Response time (ms) 64kb/s 100kb/s1Mb/s10 Mb/s 100Mb/s 1Gb/s A. POTS B. Videoconferencing (low quality) C. Videoconferencing (high quality) D. Teleworking E. Telelearning F. Information exchange and retrieval G. Entertainment A B E D G C F Source: Heinrich Hertz Institute (including Internet)

20. IST Programme Multi-Service Access Network Coaxial Cable Optical Fibre Wireless/Radio Copper Pair SIP Voice Services Service Integration Point Data Services VOD Services Optical Network Interface CaTV Head-End Core Network UMTS base station OD5

21. IST Programme The IST Programme 1999-2002; Total Budget: 3600M EUR Key Action 1: Systems and services for the citizen Key Action 2: New methods of work and e- commerce Key Action 3: Multimedia content and tools Key Action 4: Essential Technologies and Infrastructures Future & Emerging Technologies Research Networking Cross-Programme Themes

22. IST Programme MOBILE AND PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS AND SYSTEMS AND SATELLITES KEY ACTION 4: ESSENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND INFRASTRUCTURES TECHNOLOGIES AND ENGINEERING FOR SOFTWARE, SYSTEMS AND SERVICES REAL-TIME, LARGE-SCALE SIMULATION AND VISUALISATION INTERFACES PERIPHERALS SUB-SYSTEMS MICRO SYSTEMS MICROELECTRONICS INFORMATION PROCESSING, COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS

23. IST Programme The IST Workprogramme 1999 First Call For Proposals; 19 March 1999: Key Action 4: Essential Technologies and Infrastructures 4.2.3 Network integration, interoperability and interworking 4.2.4 Network management and service-level interworking 4.2.5 All-optical and terabit networks 4.8.4 Advanced optoelectronics and microelectronics Future & Emerging Technologies: (+FET Open): P1 Quantum information processing and communications Second Call For Proposals; September 1999: Research Networking 7.1.2 RN1 Testbeds for advanced networking and application experiments

24. IST Programme Snapshot of IST’s first call  Initial focus on RTD activities  Response 2,486 proposals ….. …….. for 5,300 MEuro funding 2,486 proposals ….. …….. for 5,300 MEuro funding  Retained for Negotiation 475 proposals ……………... for 817 MEuro funding 475 proposals ……………... for 817 MEuro funding  Selection Ratio ~1 : 5.2 for proposals …………. ~1 : 6.5 for funding

25. IST Programme

26. The IST Workprogramme 2000 FET OPEN Call For Proposals 3rd Call For Proposals: Feb 8, 2000: RN2, RN3, RN4 4th Call For Proposals: June 4.2.4 Terabit Core Networks 4.8.4 Optoelectronic Technologies 5th Call for Proposals: September 4.2.3 Network Integration CPA6 Next Generation Networks

27. IST Programme INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORK INTEGRATION PROTOCOLS: IP, WAP … OPTICAL CORE NETWORK ACCESS NETWORK DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS REALTIME SYSTEMS SERVICES PROVISION TAKEUPTAKEUP KA1 KA2 KA3 NETWORK MANAGEMENT WP2000 Key Action IV.2 (UnitE1)

28. IST Programme Photonic Technology Projects and Access Network Projects in IST

29. IST Programme Key Action 4.2 Highlight: Terabit Core Networks NETWORK MANAGEMENT Mobile- IP-WDM INTEGRATION ALL-OPTICAL DWDM TERABIT CORE NETWORK CHALLENGE: Optical Packet Switching Q of S OPEN SERVICE PLATFORM HIGH CAPACITY

30. IST Programme Interdependence of Research Areas CONCEPTS + MATERIALS COMPONENTS + DEVICES SYSTEMS + NETWORKS PROTOTYPESPROTOTYPES SPECIFICATIONSSPECIFICATIONS

31. IST Programme Roadmap for Photonics Technologies

32. IST Programme Regional Infrastructure Investment The projected growth in bandwidth usage shows that all users will require 10-100 Mbit/s by around 2008-2012 optical fibre infrastructure fibre for residential users Support for investment to encourage the provision of optical fibre infrastructure for use by public services (hospitals, schools, administration…) in peripheral Regions will also facilitate the future provision of fibre for residential users in these areas OD7

33. IST Programme high speed optical fibre data networks The primary aim should be to put into place high speed optical fibre data networks in each local or Regional area: optical Gigabit Ethernet or 1.2Gbit/s fibre connection  all universities, training centres, research institutes and libraries should have a optical Gigabit Ethernet or 1.2Gbit/s fibre connection. 622Mbit/s or Fast Ethernet optical fibre connection  Secondary schools should have 622Mbit/s or Fast Ethernet optical fibre connection.*  A 55Mbit/s optical link  A 55Mbit/s optical link (or VDSL) would be sufficient for most primary schools. * based on 1000 pupils, 1 PC per 10 pupils, fast Internet connection=2Mbit/s per PC Network Infrastructure Investment OD6

34. IST Programme CONCLUSIONS  The future Global Information Infrastructure will be based on WDM optical networks  Optical network implementation will be driven by client layer requirements  Research Projects in ACTS have made an important contribution towards the optical networks concept  Optical network RTD has a different emphasis in the IST Programme

35. IST Programme Further Information  European Commission Homepage:  http://www.europa.eu.int  ACTS Photonics Homepage:  http://www.intec.rug.ac.be/horizon  IST Programme:  http://www.cordis.lu/ist 

36. IST Programme Contact Co-ordinates DG Information Society All-optical and terabit networks Andy HOUGHTON Andrew.Houghton@cec.eu.int Advanced opto-electronics and microelectronics Henri RAJBENBACH Henri.Rajbenbach@cec.eu.int Quantum information processing and communications Gustav KALBE Gustav.Kalbe@cec.eu.int Network integration, interoperability and interworking Paulo de SOUSA Paulo.Desousa@cec.eu.int Pertti JAUHIAINEN Pertti.Jauhiainen@cec.eu.int Testbeds for advanced networking and application experiments Mario CAMPOLARGO Mario.Campolargo@cec.eu.int Kyriakos BAXEVANIDES Kyriakos.Baxevanides@cec.eu.int EUROPA server: www.europa.eu.int Information on RTD Programmes - CORDIS: www.cordis.lu/ist ACTS Programme: www.infowin.org/ACTS ACTS Photonics - HORIZON: www.intec.rug.ac.be/horizon IST Key Action 4 IPCN: www.cordis.lu/ist/ka4/ipcn