1. GCSE PE Year 10
Skeletal System

2. The Skeletal System Learning Objectives
Be able to explain the function of the skeleton
Be able to name all the bones of the skeleton.
To know the four types of bones and their function.
Starter Activity
Name and describe a test that is used to measure agility ?

3. Q. How many bones make up the Human Skeleton ?

4. 206 bones make up the skeleton

5. Discuss what are the functions of the skeleton?

6. 5 functions of the Skeleton
Protection - the cranium and ribs protect the brain and vital organs in the chest.
Shape - gives shape to the body and makes you tall or short.
Support - holds your vital organs in place when playing sport. The vertebral column holds the body upright.
Movement - muscle are attached to bones, which are jointed. When the muscles contract the bones move.
Blood production - red blood cells (to carry oxygen) and white blood cells (to protect against infection) are produced in the bone marrow of some bones.

7. Label the diagram of the skeleton

8. APPENDICULAR SKELETON AXIAL SKELETON
The skeleton
The skeleton is divided into 2 main parts
APPENDICULAR SKELETON
AXIAL SKELETON

9. APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Contains the moving parts that are not connected to the VERTEBRAL COLUMN.
Pectoral girdles
Upper Limbs
Pelvic Girdle
Lower Limbs

10. APPENDICULAR SKELETON
Makes locomotion, digestion, excretion , reproduction and to protect the major organs of locomotion.

11. Axial Consists of 80 bones Vertebral Column 26 bones
Rib Cage ( 12 pairs)
Skull
Discuss with your partner what you think its function is ?

12. Axial
Up right posture of humans is maintained by the axial skeleton, which transmits the weight from the head, the trunk, and the upper extremities, down to the lower extremities.

13. How many types of bones are there ?

14. Types of Bones
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular

15. Long Bones Femur Humerus Metatarsals
Have a body longer than it is wide
Have a hard outer casing with spongy bone in the centre.
Bones such as the
Femur
Humerus
Metatarsals

16. Short Bones Are roughly as wide as they are long.
Contain large amounts of bone marrow to make blood vessels.
Bones such as the Carpals and Tarsals in the wrist and foot

17. Flat Bones Strong, flat pieces of bone
Their main functions are protection and muscle attachment
Bones such as the cranium (skull) and scapula (shoulder blade)

18. Irregular Bones
Do not fit into any of the other categories and often have an unusual shape
Bones such as the Vertebrae, Sacrum and Mandible