1. Operation: Hand- Eye Coordination Alyson Massengill Undergraduate Student (Biology Health Science Concentration) Department of Biology Tennessee Tech University Cookeville, TN 38505

2. Introduction The explanation of gender differences has revolved around looking at both environmental and biological factors (Thomas, et al 1994). The explanation of gender differences has revolved around looking at both environmental and biological factors (Thomas, et al 1994). It is said that boys are socially expected to be better at physical tasks (Klomsten 2004). It is said that boys are socially expected to be better at physical tasks (Klomsten 2004). Biologically, men are usually bigger and more muscular than women. They also tend to be more active (Garcia 1994). Biologically, men are usually bigger and more muscular than women. They also tend to be more active (Garcia 1994).

3. Itroduction In recent studies it has been proven that the cerebellum of the brain has an important effect on a person’s small- motor coordination skills (Swinny, et al 2005 ). In recent studies it has been proven that the cerebellum of the brain has an important effect on a person’s small- motor coordination skills (Swinny, et al 2005 ). The right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for spatial, hands on tasks, while the left side of the brain is responsible for language and emotion. It has been said that men have a more developed right side of the brain, while women have a more developed left side of the brain (Luhtanen, et al 2004). The right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for spatial, hands on tasks, while the left side of the brain is responsible for language and emotion. It has been said that men have a more developed right side of the brain, while women have a more developed left side of the brain (Luhtanen, et al 2004).

4. Objective I will find out if gender makes a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination. I will find out if gender makes a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination.

5. Hypothesis/ Null Hypothesis: Gender will make a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination. Men will have better hand-eye coordination than women. Hypothesis: Gender will make a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination. Men will have better hand-eye coordination than women. Null Hypothesis: Gender will not make a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination. Null Hypothesis: Gender will not make a difference when it comes to hand-eye coordination.

6. Methods and Materials Subjects Subjects –20 women were matched for age and gender with 20 men Materials Materials –The game Operation Data Form Data Form Data Form Data Form Experimental Design Experimental Design Experimental Design Experimental Design

7. Methods and Materials Task Task –Each individual is allowed one practice game. Then they will be given one chance to play the game. –Successful try= tip of wand passing through the hole without making contact; not setting off the alarm –Failed try= wand setting off the alarm before the tip is passed completely through the hole (Thomas, et al 1994).

8. Methods and Materials Statistics Statistics –I will tally up each player’s score (the amount of times he/she got it through hole without alarm going off) and get the average score for both men and women (Thomas, et al 1994).

9. The Game Operation

10. Results After completing my experiment, I concluded that men demonstrated a significant advantage over women when performing tasks on the game operation. After completing my experiment, I concluded that men demonstrated a significant advantage over women when performing tasks on the game operation. The average score for the successful attempts by the men was 7.05, while the women had an average of 5.75. (See completed data form ) The average score for the successful attempts by the men was 7.05, while the women had an average of 5.75. (See completed data form )data formdata form There was not a huge difference, but enough to say that men seem to have better hand-eye coordination when it comes to small-motor tasks. (See Figure 1) There was not a huge difference, but enough to say that men seem to have better hand-eye coordination when it comes to small-motor tasks. (See Figure 1)

12. Discussion Environmental factors, as I have already stated include rearing factors, cultural expectations, and opportunities for training and skill development (Thomas, etal 1994). The men who participated in the study seemed to be much more involved and cared much more about how they performed. Environmental factors, as I have already stated include rearing factors, cultural expectations, and opportunities for training and skill development (Thomas, etal 1994). The men who participated in the study seemed to be much more involved and cared much more about how they performed. Biological factors include body size, physique, and proportions (Thomas, etal 1994). I also witnessed this, as the men who participated were generally much bigger and seemed to have a more toned physique than the women. Biological factors include body size, physique, and proportions (Thomas, etal 1994). I also witnessed this, as the men who participated were generally much bigger and seemed to have a more toned physique than the women.

13. Discussion Another factor that may have contributed to the results would be the fact that more men than women participate in sports and physical activities (Starkes, etal 2002). Another factor that may have contributed to the results would be the fact that more men than women participate in sports and physical activities (Starkes, etal 2002). Also, it has been said that men have a better “physical self- concept” than women (Klomsten, etal 2004). This basically just means that men are more confident when performing physical tasks, and this leads to a better performance. Also, it has been said that men have a better “physical self- concept” than women (Klomsten, etal 2004). This basically just means that men are more confident when performing physical tasks, and this leads to a better performance. Some other experiments that I could perform to further clarify my results would be to test men athletes and female athletes and this would allow to see if the gender difference has more to do with whether or not someone is an athlete rather than whether they are a man or woman (Trost, etal 1996). Some other experiments that I could perform to further clarify my results would be to test men athletes and female athletes and this would allow to see if the gender difference has more to do with whether or not someone is an athlete rather than whether they are a man or woman (Trost, etal 1996).

14. Conclusion Gender does matter when it comes to hand-eye coordination. Gender does matter when it comes to hand-eye coordination. Men have better hand-eye coordination than women. Men have better hand-eye coordination than women. Environmental and biological factors contribute to these gender differences. Environmental and biological factors contribute to these gender differences. I accepted my original hypothesis that gender would matter when it comes to hand-eye coordination and rejected the null hypothesis that gender would not matter. I accepted my original hypothesis that gender would matter when it comes to hand-eye coordination and rejected the null hypothesis that gender would not matter.