1. JM/AM FFS May 2009 THE ROLE OF THE OT/PT IN TREATING THE CHILD WITH HEMIPLEGIA Julia Maskery & Alison Mountstephen

2. JM/AM FFS May 2009 The Bobath Concept…….. ……. A way of thinking; not a method but a concept. What is normal movement? What causes abnormal movement?

3. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Bobath Concept… ABNORMAL MOVEMENT PATTERNS ABNORMAL SENSORY FEEDBACK ABNORMAL POSTURAL TONE LACK OF / EFFORTFUL TASK PERFORMANCE INFLUENCING TONE

4. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Bobath Concept No two children are the same! Treatment is Handling Handling is Treatment 24 hour approach is essential Early treatment is important Brain knows nothing about a movement only a sense of a movement

5. JM/AM FFS May 2009

6. Early Development Working to improve head and trunk control midline orientation alignment/symmetry equal weight bearing Rotation and sequences of movement Therapy = child's routine Gradually withdraw hands-hand over control to the child Body Awareness/ Spatial Awareness Begins hands to mouth.. hands together How child perceives self … self in relation to objects

7. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Early Development Visual Abilities visual scanning / tracking important to have eyes assessed Fine Motor Skills / manipulation hand eye coordination bilateral integration bilateral weight bearing Range of movement hand isolation finger isolation Pre-hension patterns Tactile Awareness sensation /sensitivity / discrimination

8. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Early Development Vocalisation/ Communication – increased tone may alter how a child vocalises which can effect how they interact with the environment Participation in Activities of daily living – lifting arm / placing limbs when dressing / messy food play / bathing / toileting training

9. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Early Development Socialisation – increase possibility to seek out and interact in their world THE CONCEPT IS A WAY OF LIFE Parental involvement is essential for treatment to have a carry over into everyday life A team approach Tapping into child's motivation, occupation- play

10. JM/AM FFS May 2009 School Life - Primary Mobility /Gross Motor skills- gait, balance and coordination, ball skills, motor planning. Sense of two sidedness/ reduce neglect of affected side. Awareness of associated reactions, self inhibition

11. JM/AM FFS May 2009 School Life – Primary Cont: Seating and posture. Independence in activities of daily living. Fine motor skills/ dexterity. Pre writing skills.

12. JM/AM FFS May 2009 School Life – Primary Cont: Perception /cognition – attention/concentration – visual perception, – spatial relations, – following instructions, – sequencing skills – memory/ recall Emotional/ Behavioural

13. JM/AM FFS May 2009 School Life – Secondary Puberty/adolescence- growth spurts Independence Self management awareness Hobbies and interests – interacting with peers Adjusting to social norms WHAT NEXT?????

14. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Transition “Young People face many changes in their lives but one of the most important and difficult is the move from school to adult life” Transition planning is a partnership between the young person, parents, school, statutory authorities and voluntary organisations (cedar foundation, mencap, DEA etc..) Transition planning involves the core team investigating work experience opportunities and post school placements Aim To Provide: Advice, Support, Training for the: – Young Person – Family – Training providers in post school placements

15. JM/AM FFS May 2009 Occupational Therapy and Transitions Based on individual need Home Assessments: family concerns, aspirations, support Priority areas identified for intervention: ADL, Outdoor Independence, Upper Limb function, Assistive Technology etc… Independent living - advice re: care management Referral to other agencies: social services, cedar, DEA Transfer to adult services etc..