1. Culture of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar ) By Leonard Lovshin Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquaculture Auburn University, Alabama, USA

2. Distribution of Atlantic Salmon world wide The native range of Atlantic Salmon is the northern Atlantic ocean. The Atlantic salmon is found from New England and the east coast of Canada in North America to Western Europe from above the arctic circle,south to Portugal. Atlantic salmon are introduced to Chile, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and the west coast of the U. S. and Canada.

3. Atlantic salmon are a prized sport fish

4. Biology anadromous Live 1 to 2 years in freshwater before migrating to the ocean

5. Feeding habits of the Atlantic Salmon Herring Capelin squid

6. Smell of parent stream imprinted during short period before young go to sea, allowing adults to return to stream of birth. Enter rivers in May - July Adults live in ocean 3 to 6 years before returning to spawn, but an eleven year specimen has been recorded spawning Distanced traveled from sea to spawning area anywhere from 10 to 600 miles Spawning Migration

7. Reproduction spawn late Oct. through Nov. gravel substrate with adequate water circulation optimal water temperature : 7.2 - 10ºC, depth 30-65cm, water velocity 60cm/sec female sweeps a depression female deposits eggs and they are fertilized by one or two males female buries eggs 1500-1800eggs/kg, pea-sized Lose 25-45% of body weight during migration

9. Aquaculture/Reproduction

10. Salmon eggs are incubated in vertical trays and up-flow incubators Vertical trays Up-flow incubator

11. Dead eggs are removed from healthy eggs and fry

12. Aquaculture/Reproduction freshwater tank culture of smolts Freshwater nursery tanks Parr

13. Atlanta salmon are grown in large cages anchored in the ocean

14. Smolts are counted and stocked into the cages by heliocopter or boat

15. Aquaculture/grow-out spraying feed into a cage Automatic feeder Feeding salmon Feeding

16. Aquaculture/grow-out Feeding Carotenoid pigments

17. grading to remove grilse and small salmon Grading and Removing Mortalities Aquaculture/grow-out Divers remove dead fish

18. Treating with hydrogen peroxide Aquaculture/grow-out Diseases Sea lice Biological control Chemical control

19. Aquaculture/grow-out Harvest

20. Aquaculture/grow-out Processing

21. Problems with Salmon Aquaculture escapees compete for food and habitat with wild juveniles, can introduce new diseases and have the potential to genetically pollute the wild stocks. diseases such as ISA (infectious salmon anemia), SSSV (salmon swimbladder sarcoma virus), parasites and sea lice which are prevalent in aquacultured fish have shown up in wild salmon. as we have learned in the past, waste feeds and feces from open ocean aquaculture operations are spoiling the environment and affecting other wild fisheries

22. World Harvest of Farmed Salmon in 2000 is: 883,000 MT Leading world producers of farmed salmon are: Maine is the leading U. S. producer at 35,900 MT World salmon capture from oceans in 2000: 813,664 MT Canada – 70,000 MT Norway – 418,758 MT United Kingdom – 126,686 MT Chile – 179,566

23. THE END