1. Honors Biology Mr. Luis A. Velázquez
The Periodic Table
Honors Biology
Mr. Luis A. Velázquez

3. Dynamic Periodic Table

4. Element Symbols All elements have a symbol.
The symbol will always be a letter or two Example: C, Ca
The symbol will always begin with a capital letter.
If the symbol has a second letter it will always
be lower case.

5. Atomic Number
A unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element.

6. Atomic Mass Number
A unique number for each element that equals the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of the atom.
In other words is the sum of the
nucleus of the atom. (P+N=mass)

7. Practice Bismuth Bi What is the atomic mass?83
Bismuth Bi
209
209
What is the atomic mass?
What is the atomic number? 83 83
What is the number of protons?
What is the number of neutrons?
126

8. Elements
A substance that cannot be broken down in to simpler substance.
There 112 elements in the periodic table.

9. Elements 112 total elements 92 natural elements
20 artificial or synthetic elements
man-made elements.

10. Elements 25 needed for life 4 Are essential elements for life
they make 99% of living tissue
C, H , O, N
1 Element essential for life

11. State of Matter of Elements
1. Solid is a substance that has definite
shape and definite volume.
2. Liquid is a substance that has no definite
shape and has definite volume.
3. Gas is a substance that has no definite
shape and no definite volume.

12. 1. Some elements are found in nature as gases.
2. There are 11 elements as a gas state.
3.Gases can be classify as stable or unstable
gases.
Unstable gases: (5) gases
H, N, O, F, Cl
Stable gases: (6) gases
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

13. Liquids The two liquids are: Br, Hg
1. Some elements are found in nature as liquids.
2. There are 2 elements as liquid state.
The two liquids are:
Br, Hg

14. Summary
There are 112 elements in the periodic table, the are subdivide into:
1.Gases (11) H,N,O,Cl,F,He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,Rn
2.Liquids (2) Br, Hg
3.Solids (99) Li, C,Mg,Mn,Co, Au,Ag,Cu,Fe…

15. Energy Potential and kinetic energy in elements:
1.Gases : have very high energy (KE) (PE)
2.Liquids : have regular energy (KE) (PE)
3.Solids: have very low energy (KE) (PE)

16. Answer the following Due Today…
Classify the following elements in Solid Liq or gas
____He
____C
____Mn
____Al
____Cl
____Br
____H
____Mg
____Ca
____N
____Hg
____Si
____Xe
____K
Place an arrow to indicate the energy.
Due Today…

17. C Understanding the atom 6 Atomic number = Protons = 6 12
The atomic number is the number of protons
The atomic mass number is the number of protons
and neutrons. The sum of the nucleus of the atom. 6
Atomic number = Protons = 6 C 12
Atomic mass = P + N = 12

18. Cl Understanding the atom 17 Atomic number = Protons = 17
Atomic mass = P + N = 35 35 17 P= N= 18 E= 17

19. Na Understanding the atom 11 Atomic number = Protons = 11
Atomic mass = P + N = 23 23 11 P= N= 12 E= 11

20. N Understanding the atom 7 Atomic number = Protons = 7
Atomic mass = P + N = 14 14 7 P= N= 7 E= 7

21. Ca Understanding the atom 20 Atomic number = Protons = 20
Atomic mass = P + N = 40 40 20 P= N= 20 E= 20

22. Answer the following 50 points ____Ni ____Zn ____Cu ____Al ____Au
Make a table to show the amount of protons, electrons, and neutrons for
each of the following elements .
____Ni
____Zn
____Cu
____Al
____Au
____P
____H
____Mg
____Ba
____Rb
____Hg
____S
____Xe
____K
50 points

23. Classifing Elements 87 Metals 17 No Metal 8 Metalloids At, Po, Te, Sb,
As, Ge, Si, B

24. No Reaction Transitional Metals Negative Negative Negative 8A 1A 3A 4A

25. Non- metals Elements in nature that are found in the gas
stage are not metals.
There are 17 non- metals
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn F, Cl Br, I Se, S, P, O,
N, C, H

26. Physical Properties of Metals
They show metallic luster.
They are opaque.
They have high density.
They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
They are solids (except mercury Hg)
They are malleable and ductile in their solid state.

27. Chemical Properties of Metals
They have one to four valence electrons.
They are good reducing agents.
A reducing agent is an element that can add electrons to another element.
They form cations (positive ions)
Example: Li+, Ca+2, Fe+3…

28. Physical Properties of Non-Metals
Poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Brittle - if a solid.
Nonductile.
Do not possess metallic luster.
Transparent as a thin sheet.
Solids, liquids or gases at room temperature.

29. Chemical Properties of Non-Metals
Usually have 4-8 electrons in their outer shell.
Gain or share valence electrons easily.
Form oxides that are acidic.
Are good oxidizing agents.
Have higher electronegativities.

30. The Valence Number Column 1A has a valence number of 1.
B series
Transition Metals

31. Families of Elements 1A Alkali Metals 2A Alkaline Earth Metals
3A Boron Family
4A Carbon Family
5A Nitrogen Family
6A Oxygen Family
7A Halogens Family
8A Noble Gases

32. Alkali Metal Family Column 1A ( Except Hydrogen) Li Na Rb Cs Fr
They are the most reactive elements in the periodic
table.

33. Naming Compounds Metals are always positive.
Metals are always written first.
Metals are name the same way as the element.
Non-Metals are always negative.
Non-Metals are always written second.
The names of non-metals are always ending in ide .

34. Calcium Oxide Naming Compounds Example: CaO Metals = Calcium (Ca)
Metals are name the same way as the element.
Non-Metals = Oxygen (O).
The names of non-metals are always ending in ide .
The names of non-metals oxide .
The names of this compound is:
Calcium Oxide

35. Sodium Chloride Naming Compounds Example: NaCl Metals = Sodium (Na)
Metals are name the same way as the element.
Non-Metals = Chlorine (Cl).
The names of non-metals are always ending in ide .
The names of non-metals chloride .
The names of this compound is:
Sodium Chloride

36. Magnesium Fluoride Naming Compounds Example: MgF2
Metals = Magnesium (Mg)
Metals are name the same way as the element.
Non-Metals = Fluorine (F).
The names of non-metals are always ending in ide .
The names of non-metals Fluoride .
The names of this compound is:
Magnesium Fluoride

37. Naming Non-metals Fluorine = Fluoride Chlorine = Chloride
Bromine = Bromide
Iodine = Iodide
Oxygen = Oxide
Sulfur = Sulfide
Phosphorous = Phosphide

38. 60 points Naming Compounds Problems
Write the correct names for the following compounds .
BaCl2
NaF
Ag2O
CuBr
FeO
MgS
Al2O3
CaI2
BeS
Hg2I2
CrCI3
K2S
60 points