2. A story that is told, sung, or performed…Oral Narratives can be written down ORAL NARRATIVE

3. Help to explain the natural world Help to articulate fears/dreams Provide order to a society Provide understanding of a culture’s values, beliefs, mores, etc. Entertainment HISTORICALLY SPEAKING…

4. Smallest meaningful unit of a story MOTIF

5. A deviation from standard text VARIANT

6. One story created in one location and eventually spread to other cultures orally Cultures develop similar stories because these stories address needs/desires/etc. that are common to all people MonogenesisPolygenesis CULTURAL VARIANTS

7. Etiological tales…how things come about/to be PORQUOI TALES

8. A simple folktale that illustrates an ethical point. Often features animals but not animal tales Moral is stated FABLE

9. A simple story in which animals play a major role Subgenre: Trickster Tale=animals that play tricks and behave mischievously ANIMAL TALE

10. A sacred narrative set in the primordial past

11. Tower of Babel MYTH

12. A deliberate, exaggerated lie told with a straight face for humorous effect. TALL TALE

13. Stories that people tell about events/people that are purportedly real/true. Told to inform, warn, advise, enlighten Distinctive beginning Real World, supernatural, realistic/well rounded characters LEGENDS

14. FAIRYTALES Stories that are fictional, created to entertain and sometimes instruct. 1 st collection of tales were collected and published by the Grimm Brothers in 1812 Distinctive and recognizable beginning and end Fantasy, supernatural, flat/stereotypical characters

15. Modern adaptations of traditional folk literature LITERARY TALES

16. Authors write in the traditional style of folktales or fairytales. Hans Christian Anderson Authors create new tales by altering traditional tales Diane Stanley, John Scieszka, Donna Jo Napoli, Shannon Hale Traditional StyleFractures SUB-GENRES OF LITERARY TALES