1. The current food and agriculture situation in Japan 1 Yosuke Ota WTO and EPA office Agricultural policy department Central Union of Agricultural Cooperatives (JA-ZENCHU)

2. Agricultural situation in Japan 2

3. Situation of Japanese agriculture 3 Structural change of agriculture in Japan 19657585952005 Cultivated area (Unit: 1,000ha) 6,0005,5705,3805,0404,690 Abandoned cultivated area (Unit: 1,000ha) 131135244386 Total numbers of farmer’s houses (Unit: 1,000 houses) 5,6604,9504,2303,4402,850 Agricultural workforce (Unit: 1,000 people) 8,9404,8903,4602,5602,240 over 65 years old 19.5%39.7%57.4%

4. Abandoned Area 4 Scenery In Rural area

5. International comparison JapanUnited States of America EUAustralia Cultivated land (Unit: million hectares) 517312145 Comparing with Japan -37x26x10x Cultivated land per a farmer (Unit: a hectare) 2182173,408 Comparing with Japan -99x9x1,862x 5

6. 6 The value of agricultural production and net agricultural income. Trend of the value of agricultural production by product category others fruit vegetable livestock Rice Unit: billion yen 19912001 2006 Trend of agricultural income 3,000 2,800 1,200 2,700 3,800 2,400 1,000 2,100 2,800 2,300 1,900 800 2,100 3,000 1,900 13,400 10,100 9,700 Unit: trillion yen 2006200019951990 6.1 5.0 4.0 3.2 1 US$ = 84.93 yen (24 th Sep, 2010)

7. Agricultural policy in Japan 7 Establishment of the renewed Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas. Targets in 2020 of production volume (Unit: 1,000t) Wheat: 880 (2008) → 1,800 (2020) Soybean: 260 (2008) → 600 (2020) Rice for rice flour: 1 (2008) → 500 (2020) Rice for animal feed: 9 (2008) → 700 (2020) Total planted area(10,000ha) 426(2008) → 495(2020) Establishment of the renewed Basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas. Targets in 2020 of production volume (Unit: 1,000t) Wheat: 880 (2008) → 1,800 (2020) Soybean: 260 (2008) → 600 (2020) Rice for rice flour: 1 (2008) → 500 (2020) Rice for animal feed: 9 (2008) → 700 (2020) Total planted area(10,000ha) 426(2008) → 495(2020)

8. Action to expand the participation of women in society, Japan 8 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 0503200107 28% 72% 2,499 41% 37% 31% 69% 2,971 64% 3,298 59% 3,455 7,327 8,186 9,050 9,533 Source: MAFF No. of businesses Sales of 3 million yen or more Group business Individual business

9. 9 Welfare Activity Cooking Class

10. AGRICULTURAL TRADE 10

11. Dependence heavily on imported agricultural products from specific countries 11 Japan’s import trading partner Imported agricultural products Corn BeefWheat Soybean USA Australia USA Canada Brazil USA China Australia Canada other Total import Value 71 billion US$ (2008)

12. Structures of Agriculture tariff in Japan 12 About 10% About 20% About 70% Few products 75% 25% 50% Tariff Rates Rice, Wheat, Dairy, Sugar Number of tariff lines Orange juice, Ice cream Vegetable, cut flower

13. The effect on domestic agricultural sector in case of abolition of tariffs on all agricultural tariffs (government estimate) 13 The value of agricultural production ▲42 billion US$ Self-sufficient ratio 40% 12% Employment Opportunities ▲3.75 million Gross Domestic Product ▲106 billion US$

14. DOHA DEVELOPMENT ROUND OF WTO WTO: World Trade Organization 14

15. Advocate of JA-Group on WTO 15 28 th Jun, 2006: Geneva Joint statement by agricultural organizations from 54 countries. “Don’t sell food concerns for trade” Gives developing countries with vulnerable agricultural sectors real opportunities to improve their situation The current trade talks in WTO are focused on a single objective – to promote more trade – and ignore these wider concerns. 28 th Jun, 2006: Geneva Joint statement by agricultural organizations from 54 countries. “Don’t sell food concerns for trade” Gives developing countries with vulnerable agricultural sectors real opportunities to improve their situation The current trade talks in WTO are focused on a single objective – to promote more trade – and ignore these wider concerns. 19 th Mar, 2009: Rome Common Declaration of Farmers’ Union of the G8 member countries. Food is essential and should not be considered simply as another commodity; improving agricultural productivity and competitiveness must therefore be a central part of development policies. 19 th Mar, 2009: Rome Common Declaration of Farmers’ Union of the G8 member countries. Food is essential and should not be considered simply as another commodity; improving agricultural productivity and competitiveness must therefore be a central part of development policies.

16. Advocate of JA-Group on WTO 16 18 th Mar, 2010: Tokyo International Symposium on WTO Agricultural Negotiation Draft WTO agreement would be in total contradiction with international commitments undertaken by WTO Member State such as the UN Millennium Development Goals, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and cultural Rights which aim at reducing and preventing poverty and hunger. 18 th Mar, 2010: Tokyo International Symposium on WTO Agricultural Negotiation Draft WTO agreement would be in total contradiction with international commitments undertaken by WTO Member State such as the UN Millennium Development Goals, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the UN International Covenant on Economic, Social and cultural Rights which aim at reducing and preventing poverty and hunger. 25 th Feb, 2010: Hanoi Joint Statement of the Asian Farmers’ group for Cooperation: India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Commercialization and intensification of agriculture in the context of globalization and liberalization are often proceeded to the detriment of small farmers. It’s important to facilitate cooperation among farmers in Asia, while avoiding unnecessary conflicts and competition among them. 25 th Feb, 2010: Hanoi Joint Statement of the Asian Farmers’ group for Cooperation: India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Commercialization and intensification of agriculture in the context of globalization and liberalization are often proceeded to the detriment of small farmers. It’s important to facilitate cooperation among farmers in Asia, while avoiding unnecessary conflicts and competition among them.

17. 17 Conservation of the global environment Conservation of biodiversity Prevention of sediment disaster and soil conservation Watershed cultivation Prevention of soil erosion Prevention of landsides Prevention of flooding by retaining rainwater Matter production Formation of a comfortable environment Cultural functions Water purification Formation of a good landscape Watershed cultivation Maintenance of cultural traditions Climate alleviation mechanism Health and recreation functions Organic waste disposal Conservation of the ecosystem Water purification Conservation of the ecosystem Provision of exchange opportunities Maintenance of traditional fishing methods and other examples of traditional culture Supplementing the circulation of nitrogen and phosphorus through fishing Conservation of the marine environment Marine salvage Disaster relief Monitoring of the marine environment Multiple functions carried out by Agriculture, forestry and fisheries