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Chapter 3 Atoms and Elements
3.2 Elements and Symbols Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Elements Elements are pure substances that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary laboratory processes. the building blocks of matter. gold carbon aluminum
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Sources of Some Element Names
Some elements are named for planets, mythological figures, minerals, colors, scientists, and places.
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Symbols of Elements A symbol represents the name of an element.
consists of 1 or 2 letters. starts with a capital letter. 1-Letter Symbols 2-Letter Symbols C carbon Co cobalt N nitrogen Ca calcium F fluorine Al aluminum O oxygen Mg magnesium
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Symbols from Latin Names
Several symbols are derived from Latin names as shown below. Cu, copper (cuprum) Au, gold (aurum) Fe, iron (ferrum) Ag, silver (argentum) Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Physical Properties of Elements
The physical properties of an element are observed or measured without changing its identity. include the following: Shape Density Color Melting point Odor and taste Boiling point
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Physical Properties of Elements
Some physical properties of copper are: Color Red-orange Luster Very shiny Melting point °C Boiling point °C Conduction of electricity Excellent of heat Excellent Copyright © 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc.
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Learning Check Select the correct symbol for each. A. Calcium
1) C 2) Ca 3) CA B. Sulfur 1) S 2) Sl 3) Su C. Iron 1) Ir 2) FE 3) Fe
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Solution Select the correct symbol for each. A. Calcium 2) Ca
B. Sulfur 1) S C. Iron 3) Fe
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Learning Check Select the correct name for each symbol. A. N
1) neon 2) nitrogen 3) nickel B. P 1) potassium 2) phlogiston 3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver 2) agean 3) gold
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Solution Select the correct name for each: A. N 2) nitrogen B. P
3) phosphorus C. Ag 1) silver
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