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Nursing Strategies for Success
Chapter 5 Critical, creative & Practical thinking
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Successful intelligent thinking is BALANCED
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What is thinking? Asking questions Move towards answers
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There is no such thing as a bad question.
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“Only students who have questions are really thinking and learning”
Ask students – do you believe it? Ask questions that stimulate thought.
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“The difference between good science and great science is the quality of the questions posed.” ~ William Hunter
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Can you get smarter?
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How can You improve your analytical thinking skills?
AKA: Critical Thinking Gathering information Analyzing & Clarify Evaluating for the purpose of Gaining understanding Solving a problem Making a decision Writing a paper on nursing ethics: Review assignment – what are the requirements - research out relevant information Choose two topics, find 4-5 comprehensive pieces on each Sick patient: Diagnosis of diabetes Review in mind pathophysiology of diabetes? What might be wrong? Obtain data: -read their chart lab values, medications FSBS Vital signs Assess urine output Assess skin for dryness, color,
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Memorize
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Understand Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Use the information
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation How does this relate Break information into parts Separate the ideas Compare and Contrast Examine cause and effect* Look for themes, patterns and categories the ideas Paper: ER nurse: different types of ER nurses. Triage. Cardic monitor. Major trauma ICU: CCU, Neonatal ICU(NICU) Telemetry Diabetic patient: Vital signs FSBS Medications
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Develop new ideas
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6 stages of Cognitive learning
Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Judge
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Assumptions A thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof
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A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
Inference A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning
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How to Improve your creative thinking skills
Everyone knows what Post-it® notes are: They are those great little self-stick notepapers. Most people have Post-it® Notes. Most people use them. Most people love them. But Post-it® Notes were not a planned product. No one got the idea and then stayed up nights to invent it. A man named Spencer Silver was working in the 3M research laboratories in 1970 trying to find a strong adhesive. Silver developed a new adhesive, but it was even weaker than what 3M already manufactured. It stuck to objects, but could easily be lifted off. It was super weak instead of super strong. No one knew what to do with the stuff, but Silver didn't discard it. Then one Sunday four years later, another 3M scientist named Arthur Fry was singing in the church's choir. He used markers to keep his place in the hymnal, but they kept falling out of the book. Remembering Silver's adhesive, Fry used some to coat his markers. Success! With the weak adhesive, the markers stayed in place, yet lifted off without damaging the pages. 3M began distributing Post-it ® Notes nationwide in ten years after Silver developed the super weak adhesive. Today they are one of the most popular office products available.
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Improving creativity Brainstorming Divergent thinking Group think
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Shift your perspective
Improving creativity Shift your perspective Challenge assumptions Take a new and different look Ask “what if” questions
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Improving creativity Set the stage for creativity
Choose – or create environments that free your mind Be curious Give yourself time to “sit” with a question Believe in yourself as a creative thinker
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Improving Creativity Take risks Fly in the face of convention
Let mistakes be Okay
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Improving practical thinking skills
offered, "Experience keeps a dear school, yet fools learn in no other.“
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Practical thinking means action!
Stay motivated Make the most of your personal strengths When things go wrong, accept responsibility and reject self pity Focus on the goal and avoid distractions Manage time and tasks effectively Believe in yourself
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Practical Thiking
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Introduction: Nursing Process
Communication tool Organization tool A systematic method of providing care to clients Allows nurses to communicate plans and activities Encourages orderly thought, analysis, planning Clients Health care providers Families
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Overview of the Nursing Process
Purpose: Individualized Holistic Effective Efficient Nursing CARE Process: “A series of steps or acts that lead to accomplishment of some goal or purpose” Purpose is to provide client care that is: Individualized Holistic Effective Efficient
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Holistic Health Treat the Whole person Mental Spiritual Social
Physical Holistic health is a concept in medical practice upholding that all aspects of people's needs, psychological, physical spiritual and social should be taken into account and seen as a whole.
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Overview of the Nursing Process
Consists of 5 steps AD-PIE Build on each other Not linear
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Nursing Process Used throughout the life span
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Used in every care setting
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Assessment Step #1 Involves Collecting data Validating the data
Organizing the data Interpreting the data Documenting the data
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Assessment Types of Data
Subjective / Symptom Data from the pt’s viewpoint Interview Types of data Subjective Data from the client’s point of view Feelings, Perceptions, Concerns Main way to collect subjective data: Interview Objective Observable & measurable data Main way to collect objective data: Physical assessment Lab and diagnostic testing
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Assessment Types of Data
Objective / Signs Observable & measurable PE assessment Lab Dx testing Types of data Subjective Data from the client’s point of view Feelings, Perceptions, Concerns Main way to collect subjective data: Interview Objective Observable & measurable data Main way to collect objective data: Physical assessment Lab and diagnostic testing
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Diagnosis Step 2 in the nursing process
Formulating a nursing diagnosis Analysis and synthesis of data
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Nursing diagnosis: “A clinical judgment…
about an individual, family or community… responses to actual or potential health problems” Forms the basis for nursing interventions “A clinical judgment about individual, family or community responses to actual or potential heal problems / life processes. A nursing diagnosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.”
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Medical vs. Nursing diagnosis
Medical diagnosis Nursing diagnosis Identifies conditions the MD is licensed & qualified to treat Identifies situations the nurse is licensed & qualified to treat Focuses on illness, injury or disease Focuses on the clients responses to actual or potential problems
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Medical vs. Nursing diagnosis
Medical diagnosis Nursing diagnosis Remains constant Changes as the clients response changes i.e. Breast cancer i.e. Knowledge deficit Powerlessness Grieving, anticipatory Body image disturbance Individual coping, ineffective
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Planning Step 3
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Planning Goals
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Interventions! What are we going to do?
Planning Interventions! What are we going to do? Independent nursing interventions No order needed Elevate edematous legs Listening Interdependent nursing interventions In conjunction with an interdisciplinary team member Assist client with physical therapy exercises Dependent nursing interventions Require an order Administering of medications
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Prioritizing Nrs Dx Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex (gender) sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Airway Breathing Circulation Safety Security of body, or employment, or resources, or morality, of the family, of health, of property Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Self-Actualization Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Safety Security of body, employment, resources, morality, family, health or property Physiological Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex (gender) sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Airway Breathing Circulation Safety Security of body, or employment, or resources, or morality, of the family, of health, of property Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Self-Actualization Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Safety Physiological: Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex (gender) sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Airway Breathing Circulation Safety Security of body, or employment, or resources, or morality, of the family, of health, of property Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Self-Actualization Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Love/Belonging Safety Physiological Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex (gender) sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Airway Breathing Circulation Safety Security of body, or employment, or resources, or morality, of the family, of health, of property Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Self-Actualization Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Self-Actualization Creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts Esteem Love/Belonging Safety Physiological: Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex (gender) sleep, homeostasis, excretion ABC’s Airway Breathing Circulation Safety Security of body, or employment, or resources, or morality, of the family, of health, of property Love/Belonging Friendship, family, sexual intimacy Esteem Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Self-Actualization Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts
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Implementation 4th step: Execution of the care plan
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Implementation 5 Rights of Implementation Right patient
Right medication Right route Right dose / amount Right time
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Evaluation 5th step Have the clients goals have been met, partially met or not met. Determining whether the clients goals have been met, partially met or not met.
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