1. Shannon Nolan Wilmington University MSN 7750
Self Instruction
Shannon Nolan
Wilmington University
MSN 7750

2. Self Instruction Defined
A method of instruction used by a teacher to provide or design teaching materials and activities that guide the learner in independently achieving the objectives of learning. Bastable 2008
A process in which individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating learning goals, identifying human and material resources for learning, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes. Brockett and Hiemstra 1991

3. Self Instruction Elements
 An introduction and statement of purpose.
 A list of prerequisite skills
 A list of behavioral objectives
 A pretest
Bastable 2008

4. Self Instruction Elements cont...
 An identification of resources and learning activities
 Periodic self-assessments
 A posttest
Bastable 2008

5. Cognitive Learning Theory
A highly active process largely directed by the individual, involves perceiving information, interpreting it based on what is already known, and then reorganizing the information into new insights or understanding.
Bastable 2008

6. Cognitive Learning Theory
a cognitive approach that focused on mental processes rather than observable behavior.
Each learner interprets experiences and information in the light of their extant knowledge, their stage of cognitive development, their cultural background, their personal history, etc
Perry 1999

7. Applying Cognitive Theory to Self Instruction
Learning is largely self-motivated in the cognitivist framework. Cognitivists such as A. L. Brown and J. D. Ferrara have suggested methods such as the use of ungraded tests and study questions which require students to monitor their own learning.
The role of the teacher when utilizing self instruction strategy, is to facilitate discovery by providing the necessary resources and by guiding learners as they attempt to assimilate new knowledge to old and to modify the old to accommodate the new.
Perry 1999

8. Incorporating Self Instruction
Work books
Videotapes
Internet modules
Study guides
Pretest/post test
Case studies
Journals
O’Bannon 2002

9. Setting to Utilize Self-Instruction
On-line Class
Computer based CEU programs
Hospital
Classroom setting
Distance Learning

10. Pros of Self Instruction
Allows for self pacing
Stimulates active learning
Provides opportunity to review and reflect on information
Indicates mastery of material accomplished in a particular time frame.
Cost effective

11. Cons of Self-Instruction
Limited with learners who have low literacy skills.
Not appropriate for learners with visual and hearing impairments
Not good for procrastinators
Requires high level of motivation.

12. Incorporating the Strategy
Self instruction can be incorporated into many learning strategies.
Examples:
– Self learning packet prior to CPR class (demonstration/return-demonstration)
Study guides (lecture)
Completion of online CEU. (Computer based learning)

13. Evaluate Effectiveness
Test – written or oral
Discussion
Completion of task self test was for
Self-evaluation
Completion of self-instruction modules provided

14. Research Article
Subjects – 48 BSN students in the first year of a post-basic nursing degree program.
Purpose - The expectation was that the self instruction unit would successfully improve the subjects' knowledge on nursing care plans.
Results - The results showed that the SIU significantly improved the basic knowledge of subjects on nursing care plans.
Ogundeyin W.M

15. References
Bastable, S.B. (2008)Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice. 3rd edition. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Brockett, R. G. and Hiemstra, R. (1991) A conceptual framework for understanding self-direction in adult learning' in Self-Direction in Adult Learning: Perspectives on Theory, Research, and Practice, London and New York: Routledge.
O’Bannon, B. (2002) Planning for Instruction: Instructional Methods. Retrieved from
Ogundeyin W.M. Effectiveness of self instructional units in post-basic nursing education: with special reference to the use of nursing care plans unit. Journal of Advanced Nursing. (5)
Perry, W.G. (1999) Theories of Learning: Cognitive Constructivism. Retrieved from