1. World War II

2. From left to right: Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Great Britain Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando of Italy Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau of France President Woodrow Wilson of the United States Versailles, June 1919

3. Land Reparations War guilt League of Nations The Versailles Treaty

4. The Versailles Treaty (continued) German army reduced Germany barred from having tanks, an air force, or submarines Occupied DMZ west of the Rhineland Map showing German territory lost and the Rhineland DMZ

5. The League of Nations Although President Wilson was the driving force behind the creation of the League of Nations, the United States did not join it.

6. Rise of the Nazis Germany’s economic woes Political instability Fascism National Socialist German Workers’ Party

7. Adolf Hitler

8. The Nazis promoted a view of Germany as surrounded by enemies and threatened on all sides

9. Hitler sworn in as Chancellor, 1933 The Nazis Gain Power

10. Japan

11. The Invasion of Manchuria and the “Rape of Nanking”

12. Italy Dictator Benito Mussolini addresses his followers

13. Emperor Hailie Selassie of Ethiopia The Invasion of Ethiopia

14. Germany Rearms German troops march back into the Rhineland, 1936

15. Hitler and Mussolini Rome-Berlin Axis Signing of Tripartite pact to form the Axis Alliance Building an Axis

16. The Spanish Civil War Generals Francisco Franco and Emilio Moré, leaders of the coup

17. Spanish Civil War (continued) Italian soldiers in Spain

18. Hitler tests weapons in Spanish Civil War New Weapons and Tactics

19. The Destruction of Guernica

20. Nazi troops enter Austria Germany Takes Austria

21. The Munich Conference British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain (left) and Hitler confer at the Munich Conference A weeping Czech woman reluctantly salutes Nazi soldiers as they march into the Sudetenland

22. Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

23. German Advances, 1939

24. American Foreign Policy, 1932–1941 Isolationism Neutrality Acts FDR Lend-Lease The Atlantic Charter Churchill and FDR at sea during the Atlantic Charter talks

25. France surrenders, 1940 The French Resistance Germany Takes France A Frenchman weeps as German troops march into Paris

26. The Battle of Britain A London air raid shelter

27. The Battle of Britain (continued)

28. Germany Invades Russia

29. Japanese Aggression Locations of Japanese forces in November 1941 General Hideki Tojo

30. Pearl Harbor

31. The U.S. Declares War FDR signs the declaration of war against Japan

32. The Battle of Midway The USS Yorktown receives a direct hit during the battle of Midway

33. The Battle of Stalingrad

34. North Africa

35. Allies enter Rome Italy Surrenders

36. The D-Day Invasion U.S. troops wade ashore at Normandy

37. Paris, 1944 The Liberation of Paris

38. The Battle of the Bulge An American soldier guards German troops captured during the Battle of the Bulge U.S. troops advance through the snow toward the town of St. Vith, Belgium

39. The Firebombing of Dresden

40. Germany Surrenders

41. V-E Day

42. The Pacific War, 1944–1945 U.S. soldiers raise the American flag after capturing Iwo Jima

43. Preparing the atomic bomb to be dropped on Hiroshima Birth of the Atomic Bomb

44. Hiroshima

45. Japan Surrenders

46. Total War Concept of “total war” Mobilizing the economy Rationing Women in the work force Propaganda Military tactics Two old women stand amidst the ruins of an almshouse in Berkshire, England

47. Mobilizing the Economy A worker inspects 1000-pound bomb cases

48. Gasoline, coffee, sugar, meat, other goods are rationed “Victory Gardens” and other measures Rationing and Victory Gardens

49. Women in the Work Force

50. Propaganda Journalists interview Tokyo Rose

51. Military Tactics Injured survivors of the Nagasaki blast Family in the wreckage of their Liverpool home

52. Civilian Deaths

53. The Holocaust

54. The Nuremberg Military Tribunal

55. The Yalta Conference The “Big Three” at Yalta

56. Attlee, Truman, and Stalin at Potsdam The Potsdam Conference

57. Divisions within postwar Germany

58. MacArthur and Emperor Hirohito U.S. Occupation of Japan

59. Europe’s economy was in shambles after World War II Marshall proposed aid to “all European countries who needed it” Plan also worked to keep communism from spreading to western Europe The Marshall Plan

60. International peacekeeping organization FDR was the “principal architect” of the UN Goals Successes and failures The United Nations

61. The Postwar World Order