1. Salts

2. What is a salt? A salt is a compound formed when the negative ions from an acid combine with the positive ions of a base Neutrilization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that takes place in a water solution, the products of which are water and salts

3. Acid/Base Reactions The general formula for an acid/base reaction is acid + base -> salt + water

4. Salt Salt is important for all animals Salts are also used in many industries NameCommon NameUses Sodium chlorideSaltFood Sodium hydrogen carbonate Baking SodaFood, antacids Calcium carbonateChalkManufacture of paint and tires Potassium nitrateSaltpeterFertilizers Potassium carbonate PotashManufacture of soap and glass Sodium phosphateTSPDetergents Ammonium chloride Sal ammoniacDry-cell batteries

5. Titration The process in which a solution of known concentration is used to determain the concentration of another The standard acid or base solution is added to the unknown acid or base solution containing an indicator Slowly add known solution until the entire solution changes color At this point all of one substance has been neutralized Using the known volume of standard solution used the concentration of the unknown can be calculated

6. Soaps & Detergents Soaps are organic salts with a nonpolar organic chain of carbon atoms at one end and a polar sodium or potassium salt at the other. They are made from a reaction of acids and other chemicals The nonpolar end attatches to oils and dirt, while the polar end binds with water Detergents are synthetic soaps that form more soluble salts

7. Versatile Esters Esters are organic counterparts to salts They are made from alchohols and acids. They are used to make artificial flavorings and perfumes Polyesters are synthetic fibers made of many esters in chains