1. Carling Carr, Ben Bluemeke, Logan Varga, & Gloria Samac
Protein Supplements
Carling Carr, Ben Bluemeke, Logan Varga, & Gloria Samac

2. Who needs protein supplements??
“Protein has its hands in every critical function of the body," says Leslie Bonci, MPH, RD, director of Sports Nutrition at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
Increased protein intakes and supplementation have generally been focused on athletic populations. However, over the past few years high protein diets have become a method used by the general population to enhance weight reduction.
Recommended Dietary Allowance for Protein
Grams of protein needed each day
Children ages 1 – 3 13
Children ages 4 – 8 19
Children ages 9 – 13 34
Girls ages 14 – 18 46
Boys ages 14 – 18 52
Women ages 19 – 70+
Men ages 19 – 70+ 56
Source for Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) reference and RDAs: Institute of Medicine (IOM) Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids. This report may be accessed viawww.nap.edu

3. Recent Research
In a recent research article based on military personnel, it was determined that they require more protein than the average person based on their activity level…
But in the study they acknowledged that whole foods should be the first source of protein one should seek. Although they did state that this may not always be the most practical.
If one requires a protein supplement to reach their total dietary requirement, research on the quality of protein should be done before purchasing or consuming

4. Affect on Dietary Intake?? Research
In another study that focused on the effect of protein supplements to total energy, absolute protein, body mass and daily activity. They concluded after strictly monitoring a variety of participants, that none of these factors had changed. Meaning the protein supplement merely only aided the participants in reaching their dietary goals without any of the typical claims that protein supplement companies make.

5. Types There are a variety of protein supplements, these include:
Soy Protein
Whey Isolate
Casein
Whey Hydrolyzed
Egg Protein
Beef Protein
Pea Protein

6. Class Activity
We will take a look at a few protein supplement labels, based on each nutrition label decide what type of protein supplement it is. Then decide which type you believe is to be the best protein.

7. Nutrition label

8. Nutrition label
Nutrition label

9. Casein
Some of the 2013’s top ten casein list
Casein protein is an excellent source of the amino acid glutamine (even a better source of glutamine than whey). Casein is more likely to cause gastrointestinal problems in those who are lactose sensitive or lactose intolerant.
Best way to take it, is to add to the blender when making a smoothie
Video link:

10. Benefits of Casein Greater Muscle Retention Greater Fat loss
Helps promote colon health
Higher quality of protein
Not all proteins are created equal. Whether it’s soy, egg, whey, animal, or casein protein, they all have their own unique advantages. Arguably, casein’s greatest strength is timing. Casein has the ability to provide your bloodstream with a slow and steady flow of amino acids that could last for hours.

11. An example of the nutritional facts:
Disadvantages
Slow digestion can be a negative before or after training when you are trying to get amino acids into the system quickly. People who have problems with lactose may have gas, and some people are allergic, which can cause bloating. The sodium content can cause bloating as well (important before a bodybuilding contest and for making weight).
An example of the nutritional facts:

12. There’s No Better ‘Whey’ WHEY PROTEIN ISOLATE – Diesel, Isoflex, Iso Sensation, Isobolic
Whey protein isolates are arguably the BEST protein supplement on the market today. The difference between isolates and concentrates is simply putting the concentrates through further filtering processes. There are many different forms of processing used to further enhance the protein content but some more recognized ways are…

13. Micro filtered whey isolates - Cross Flow Micro-Filtration (CFM), Ultra Filtration (UF)
Uses low temperature micro filtration techniques that allow for the production of very high protein content (greater than 90%), the
Retention of important minerals/vitamins, extremely low fat and lactose contents, with
Virtually no undenatured proteins. (Keeps primary molecular structure, Biological Activity)

14. Ion Exchange – Ion Exchange Chromatography, (IEC), Electro-Ultrafiltration (EU)
Electrical charge on the whey is manipulated by adjusting the pH of liquid whey protein concentrate (does not charge lactose, fat or other unwanted substances)
Charged whey is passed through ion exchange columns of the opposite charge which bind the whey proteins but not uncharged lactose, fat, etc.
Washed/stripped of unwanted substances,
Further pH adjustment reverses the charge releasing from ion columns, evaporated then dried producing protein over 90%.

15. PROS Highest protein yield Fast digestion and absorption rate
Strength, lean muscle gains
Decrease in fat mass
Virtually no sugar, fat, cholesterol, carbohydrate, lactose free (Can also be made gluten free). No allergic reactions for people who are lactose/gluten intolerant

16. CONS
Ionization strips phytonutrients, antioxidants and dietary fiber absorption rate
Removing fat, removes healthy properties such as phospholipids, phosphatidylserine, and cortisol
Deficient in key amino acids, unless full BCAA profile added in
Over time, too much protein supplementation can damage your kidneys, or lead to kidney disease, kidney stones or osteoporosis

17. But wait there’s more WHEY….

18. Whey Hydrolyzed
Brands: dynomatize, optimum nutrition platinum hydrowhey, universal nutrition torrent,
It falls under the same category as whey isolated but….
hydrolyzed version has smaller molecules and..
Works faster – whey isolate typically digests with in 30 minutes or less but whey hydrolyzed digest even faster

19. How it is made
Whey protein starts as a liquid form (left from cheese-making)
The liquid is dehydrated which turns it into powder
Then filtered to remove fats and lactose
Whey hydrolyzed is made the same as whey protein until it hits its final step, where…
Whey protein is broken down into smaller protein fragments; the hydrolysis process.
Because of the extra step hydrolyze whey is typically classified as predigested whey, as it is broken down to the amino acids (the breakdown of protein)

20. Pros Can aid in keeping your energy levels up
One of the richest sources of BCAAs (important for muscle growth)
antioxidant benefits
Can boosts immune function
Rapid digestion compared to other protein supplements which send amino acids to your muscles quickly
which theoretically and potentially enhances ones muscles growth (AKA GAAAINZ; every bodybuilders goal)
Because… more amino acids available allows for muscle protein synthesis at a quicker rate.

21. CONS MOST EXPENSIVE Denatured
Fats found in whey hydrolyzed is typical poor and processed
The other major cons are the same with any whey; possibility for osteoporosis, kidney disease, and in some cases cancer.

22. PAUL CHECK
Through a whey protein analysis he concluded that there can be drastic side effects from being on any type of whey protein, which include
Skin problems (acne)
Respiratory problems
Fatigue (although many may boost energy levels for a short period of time)
Headaches
Gas
Poor concentration
Digestive problems

23. Need An Alternative To Whey?

24. BEEF PROTEIN (Isolates) - Carnivor , Primal, Paleo Protein
The protein in beef provides the body with building blocks to produce amino acids that are necessary for making muscle. While getting your protein source from meat is great, whole-food beef contains a lot of fat and cholesterol. Beef supplements let you avoid the fat and cholesterol from steaks and hamburgers, but still get the protein from red meat. The hydrolyzation process used breaks beef protein down to its amino acid base, making it more easily-digestible, and concentrates it up to 75% or more of pure protein
VS.

25. It is also….
Rich in vitamin A, C, B6, B12, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium.
Beef protein is easily stacked with most sports nutrition supplements.

26. Beef protein isolates
Allow you to ingest good protein without getting unwanted nutrients hidden in even the leanest meats
Culled from USDA grade beef, which is heated (boiled) to hydrolyze the protein.
Filtered to take out cholesterol and fat.
Water is evaporated leaving a near-pure protein that is then powdered and packaged as a supplement.

27. PROS Anabolic muscle BCAA’s from pure beef, loaded with creatine
Promotes muscle growth
Enhances workout recovery
Fuels fat loss
Lactose, cholesterol, fat, & sugar free

28. CONS
Newer on the market and under-researched as a supplemental protein source
Unless thoroughly researched, the quality of the beef itself is unknown to the customer
Many companies use hydrolyzed collagen (gelatin), or the scraps of the animal like hooves, ears
Most products on the shelves are imitations and use glycine and proline. These are amino acid signatures that suggest the supplements contain collagen from bone and connective tissue
Poor mix-ability
‘Taste’ is something left to be desired

29. Lactose intolerant or allergic to soy? Beef protein is your answer!
But if you’re not….

30. Soy Protein isolated from soybean, offers multiple health benefits.
often used to replace animal proteins, contains all 8 essential amino acids
Typical vegetarian choice of protein

31. PROS vs. CONS
Pros
Cons
good source of fibre, iron, calcium, zinc, vitamin B
can help regulate hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
Men are susceptible to higher levels of cortisol (stress hormone) produced from soy protein and has been clinically shown to decrease serum testosterone levels in healthy men
Kraemer WJ, Solomon-Hill G, et al. The effects of soy and whey protein supplementation on acute hormonal responses to resistance exercise in men. J Am Coll Nutr, 2013;32(1):66-74.

32. Egg protein Protein found in an egg
One of the best sources of protein for individuals
Contains all 8 essential amino acids
Best cooked

33. PROs vs. CONs Pros Cons Good replacement for people who are lactose
Contains vitamins B6, B12, D, E, iron, phosphorus, zinc
Egg allergies are common.
Hair loss (manufactured by spray drying)
Skin problems
Neurological symptoms such as depression (avidin bind with biotin)
Could contain dangerous pathogens

34. Pea Protein
Pea protein powder provides a delicious alternative source of protein for anyone but especially for vegetarians, vegans or those following restricted diets. It is entirely gluten-free, soy-free and dairy-free.

35. Why Pea Protein? Pea protein has a high Lysine content!
Helps absorb calcium and plays an important role in the formation of collagen—the building block of connective tissue such as bones, cartilage, skin, tendons
Allergen-Friendly
Some individuals simply cannot tolerate egg, milk and soy-derived protein due to allergies
30% Iron Content Pea protein provides 30% of the iron required per day in a single serving.

36. Potential Cons:
•Some people are allergic or intolerant to peas.
•Pea protein contains purines, so people with gout should ask their healthcare provider before taking a supplement.
• Processing peas into protein could lead
to contamination by fertilizers, chemical
solvents, and other ingredients. Make
sure you're buying a high-quality brand.

37. Answer to first activity
Label 1: Beef Protein
Label 2: Hydrolyze Protein
Label 3: Egg Protein
Label 4: Pea Protein
BASED ON WHAT YOU KNOW NOW, DID YOUR CHOICE CHANGE ON WHICH ONE YOU THOUGHT WAS THE BEST?

38. Questions 1. What form does whey protein start as? (Liquid, solid)
2. true or false: Pea protein does not help absorb calcium or play an important role in the formation of college.
3. What is whey protein originally from?
4. What makes whey hydrolyze different from whey isolate?
5. true or false: egg protein only contains 2 essential amino acids
6. how much creatine is offered in a beef protein supplement compared to a full serving of lean meat?

39. Answers 1. Liquid 2. false, it actually does
3. left over liquid form cheese making
4. The hydrolysis process
5. false, they contain all 8
6. 20 times

40. References Reference list
Check, P. (2008). WHEY PRODUCTS supplement or detriment. PPS Success Mastery Center. Retrieved from 0supplement%20or%20detriment/default.aspx
DeMedeiros, J. (n.d.). 5 Benefits of Casein Protein | Men's Fitness. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from of-casein-protein#sthash.yzuePHka.dpuf
Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2005
Gagnon, T. (n.d.). What's That: Hydrolyzed Whey | Men's Fitness. Retrieved November 1, 2014, from that-hydrolyzed-whey#sthash.oopkpzEN.dpuf
Hoffman, J. R., & Falvo, M. J. (2004). PROTEIN-WHICH IS BEST? International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, Retrieved from
Koff, A. (n.d.). Healthy Foods: Pea Protein - Prevention.com. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from pea-protein
Kraemer WJ, Solomon-Hill G, et al. The effects of soy and whey protein supplementation on acute hormonal responses to resistance exercise in men. J Am Coll Nutr, 2013;32(1):66-74.

41. Mallard, A. R. , McLay-Cooke, R. T. , & Rehrer, N. J. (2014)
Mallard, A. R., McLay-Cooke, R. T., & Rehrer, N. J. (2014). Protein Supplements: Do They Alter Dietary Intakes?. International Journal Of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism, 24(3), doi: /ijsnem
Nalewanyj, S. (n.d.). The Truth About Beef Protein Isolate Powder. Retrieved October 27, 2014, from beef-protein-isolate-powder.php
Pasiakos, S. M., Austin, K. G., Lieberman, H. R., & Askew, E. (2013). Efficacy and Safety of Protein Supplements for U.S. Armed Forces Personnel: Consensus Statement. Journal Of Nutrition, 143(11), 1811S-1814S. doi: /jn
Schuna, C. (2014, April 13). The Difference Between Hydrolyzed Whey Protein and Regular Whey Protein | LIVESTRONG.COM. Retrieved November 1, 2014, from
Seltzer, C. (2013, July 23). Whey Concentrate vs. Isolate: What's The Difference? - BuiltLean. Retrieved October 27, 2014, from
Top 10 Best Casein Protein Powders for (2013, February 7). Retrieved October 29, 2014, from for-2013/
Why Pea Protein | Growing Naturals. (n.d.). Retrieved October 29, 2013, from

42. Websites from Citations in HYPERLINK
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43. bodybuilding.com was used for pictures and brand names: