1. Theme: Agronomy Learners: Environment Objectives Standards
Sophomores in high school Plant and Soils Science class
Have taken Biology 1 and Introduction to Agriculture
No students with learning disabilities
Students are mainly Caucasian with a few African Americans and Hispanics
All students speak English as their primary language
Environment
Each student has a computer and headphones
Classroom: Computer lab
Mixed of males and females, total of 20 students
Objectives
Given the steps in seed germination, students will be able to rearrange them in the correct order with 100% accuracy.
Given a diagram of a seed, students will be able to label the parts of the seed with 100% accuracy.
Given a definition related to seeds or seed germination, students will be able to correctly select the appropriate term with 100% accuracy.
Standards
PSS- 5.9 Explain the functions and components of seeds and fruits
PSS- 2.4 Demonstrate sowing techniques and provide favorable conditions for seed germination
PSS- 1.3 Compare, contrast, and classify agricultural plants according to the hierarchical classification system, life cycles, plant use and as monocotyledons or dicotyledons

2. Seeds and Germination Elizabeth Brown
Lesson content from Dr. Orvis of Purdue University
Elizabeth Brown

3. What is a seed?

4. Why do plants need seeds?
To make more plants!

5. Food! Why do we need seeds?

6. Main Menu 2 Types of Seeds Seed Dormancy Seed Germination
Apply Your Knowledge

7. It’s Alive!!! Seeds are not dead, just dormant!
Can seeds be dormant forever
What is the point of dormancy

8. Can seeds be dormant forever?
No!
Some seeds, especially those from tropical plants, can only remain dormant for a couple of days or weeks before they stop being viable
Others, like weed seeds, can last hundreds of years and still be viable
What is the point of dormancy?

9. What is the point of dormancy?
Dormancy maintains the seed during times when a plant could not successfully grow such as a time of severe cold or drought.

10. Click here to explore monocot seeds Click here to explore dicot seeds
2 Types of Seeds
Click here to explore monocot seeds
Click here to explore dicot seeds

11. Monocotyledons Plants with one seed leaf Grasses, corns, lilies, etc.
Corn Seedling
Calla Lily Seedling
Grass Seedling

12. Monocotyledons Seed Coat Protects seed from the environment

13. Monocotyledons Embryonic Axis Plumule- first true leaf
Epicotyl- future stem
Radicle- first true root

14. Monocotyledons Endosperm
Food source for the seed since it cannot yet do photosynthesis

15. Dicotyledons Plants with two seed leaves Beans, roses, melons, etc.
Watermelon Seedling
Rose Seedling
Soybean Seedling

16. Dicotyledons Seed Coat Protects seed from the environment

17. Dicotyledons Embryonic Axis Plumule- first true leaves
Hypocotyl- will become the stem
Radicle- first root

18. Dicotyledons Cotyledons
Seed leaves used for food storage since seeds cannot photosynthesize

19. Germination- the process of a seed sprouting into a seedling
Seed Germination
Germination- the process of a seed sprouting into a seedling

20. Before a seed can germinate, it needs…
Youtube video:

21. 1 2 3 4 Germination Step 1: Uptake of water: imbibition
Water initiates germination 1 2 3 4

22. Germination
Step 2: Utilization of stored resources from cotyledons or endosperm 1 2 3 4

23. Germination
Step 3: Expansion and growth of seedling underground
Seed shell bursts and the radicle and epicotyl peak out
Radicle grows down
Epicotyl grows up
HOW? 1 2 3 4

24. How does a seed know which way is up and which way is down?
Gravitropism!
Gravitropism is a response to gravity that the plants use to tell the directions. Even if you plant a seed upside down, it will grow in the right direction.

25. 1 2 3 4 Germination Step 4: Development of seedling
Eventually, the epicotyl will reach the top of the soil and the plumule(s) will open up. The seedling will start photosynthesis and grow into a full plant. 1 2 3 4

26. QUIZ TIME!

27. Quiz time! Utilization of stored resources Development of seedling
That was a lot of information! Let’s review. Click on the following steps in the correct order of germination. What is step 1?
Utilization of stored resources
Development of seedling
Imbibition (uptake of water)
Expansion and growth of seedling underground

28. Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

29. Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

30. Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

31. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The first step in germination is imbibition.

32. Quiz time! Utilization of stored resources Development of seedling
What is step 2?
Utilization of stored resources
Development of seedling
Imbibition (uptake of water)
Expansion and growth of seedling underground

33. Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

34. Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

35. Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

36. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The second step in germination is utilization of stored resources.

37. Quiz time! Utilization of stored resources Development of seedling
What is step 3?
Utilization of stored resources
Development of seedling
Imbibition (uptake of water)
Expansion and growth of seedling underground

38. Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

39. Try again! Development of seedling is not the correct answer.

40. Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

41. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The third step in germination is expansion and growth.

42. Quiz time! Utilization of stored resources Development of seedling
What is step 4?
Utilization of stored resources
Development of seedling
Imbibition (uptake of water)
Expansion and growth of seedling underground

43. Try again! Expansion and growth is not the correct answer.

44. Try again! Utilization of stored resources is not the correct answer.

45. Try again! Imbibition is not the correct answer.

46. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The fourth step in germination is development of seedling.

47. Dicot Seed Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

48. Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

49. Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

50. Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

51. Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to a cotyledon.

52. Dicot Seed Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

53. Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

54. Try again! The cotyledon is the big space for food storage.

55. Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

56. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the embryonic axis.

57. Dicot Seed Which part of this dicot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

58. Try again! The cotyledon is the big space for food storage.

59. Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

60. Try again! Monocots have endosperm, not dicots.

61. Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the seed coat.

62. Monocot Seed Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

63. Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

64. Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

65. Try again! Endosperm is the big space in the seed for food storage.

66. Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the seed coat.

67. Monocot Seed Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

68. Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

69. Try again! The embryonic axis looks like a baby plant inside the seed.

70. Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

71. Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the endosperm.

72. Monocot Seed Which part of this monocot seed is the arrow pointing to?
Seed coat
Embryonic Axis
Endosperm
Cotyledon

73. Try again! Dicots have cotyledons, not monocots.

74. Try again! The seed coat is on the outside of the seed.

75. Try again! Endosperm is the big space in the seed for food storage.

76. Yay. You answered correctly
Yay! You answered correctly! The arrow was pointing to the embryonic axis.

77. Application
Why is it important to learn about seeds? How will a knowledge of how seeds grow be useful in your future? Your response should be a minimum of 10 sentences long. When you are done, print this and the next slide with 2 slides on the same page.

78. Congratulations! You have completed this lesson!
Print this certificate with your short essay and turn it in to receive a grade for this assignment.