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Published byJonathan Small Modified over 9 years ago
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain came into existence in 1707 so the term British came to refer to both the English and the Scots. Last Stuart ruler replaced by Hanoverians dynasty. The first kings name George could not speak English so had to have advisors to help rule. Robert Walpole served as head of cabinet (Prime Minister). Britain controlled Canada as well as the thirteen colonies in America.
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After the 7 years War, British leaders wanted to get new revenues from the colonies. Parliament imposed Stamp Act requiring certain printed materials to carry a stamp. Led to violence and eventual repeal of the act. Led to a series of actions and reactions from each side. Colonies organized the First Continental Congress to take up arms and organize militias, Fighting broke out in Lexington and Concord. Second Continental Congress took place and George Washington served as its commander in chief. July 4, 1776 approved the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson.
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Great importance to the colonies was support from foreign countries. They were eager to gain revenge for earlier defeats at hands of British. French were the first to give USA recognition followed by Dutch and Spain. General Cornwallis was forced to surrender at Yorktown. Treaty of Paris 1783 recognized the independence of the American colonies. The treaty also granted the Americans control of the western territory from the Appalachians to the Mississippi River.
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Feared strong central government so Articles of Confederation created a government that lacked the power to deal with the nations problems. Met in Philadelphia to write a plan for a better government.
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Created a federal government in which the national government and the state governments shared power. 3 branches with checks and balances. Legislative Executive Judicial
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As promised during negotiations over ratification, the new Congress proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution. The state approved 10 of the amendments. Became known as the Bill of Rights. Guaranteed basic freedoms to people. Many of the rights were derived from the natural rights proposed by the philosophers. American Revolution seen as the embodiment of the Enlightenment political dreams. The premises of the Enlightenment seemed confirmed. A new age and a better world could be achieved.
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First Continental Congress in September 1774 met where? Philadelphia The first American constitution was what? Articles of Confederation The first constitution gave the national government too little what? Power The three branches of the national government were what?
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Judicial Executive Legislative Sharing of power between national and state governments Federal Government The second continental congress approved what? The Declaration of Independence
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Fighting between the colonies and the British army in 1775 started where? Lexington and Concord British tax on certain printed materials Stamp Act The union of England and Scotland in 1707 created what country The United Kingdom of Great Britain
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Final surrender of the British army in 1781 Yorktown The first 10 amendments of the Constitution Bill of Rights
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