0. presentation / project / client ...
Developments in Standardisation for Road Pricing GINA Workshop - 9 June 2011
Jesper Engdahl
Convenor of CEN/TC278/WG1 on Electronic Fee Collection
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

1. EFC standardisation - background
presentation / project / client ...
EFC standardisation - background
What is a standard?
A document approved by recognized body (CEN, ISO etc)
Voluntary in application
Intended for repeated use
Benefits – support for agreements
Interoperability of products and services
Open and competitive market development
Standards are more stable and enjoy broader market acceptance than project / industry specifications
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

2. What support do EFC standards bring?
presentation / project / client ...
What support do EFC standards bring?
Technical tool-box standards
Necessary but not sufficient basis for compatibility
Why? Changing requirements, evolving or changing technology, lack of experiences, lack of common view
Interoperable application profile (“IAP”) standards
Coherent selection of choices in underlying base standards – sufficient basis for compatibility
Based on common policies and services agreed/defined by stakeholders
Test standards
Assessment of conformity to specification
Maintenance of standards
Technical tool-box standards
Necessary but not sufficient basis for compatibility
Why? Changing requirements, evolving or changing technology, lack of experiences, lack of common view
Ex. ”AID for DSRC 14906” and ”AID for satellite systems /4”
Interoperable application profile (“IAP”) standards
Coherent selection of choices in underlying base standards – sufficient basis for compatibility
Based on common policies and services agreed/defined by stakeholders
Ex. ”IAP for DSRC 15509”
Test standards
Support for assessment of conformity to specification
ex. for “IAP DSRC testing /2”
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

3. Overview – EFC related standards
presentation / project / client ...
Overview – EFC related standards
Architecture & technology independent
System architecture, information exchange, security guidelines, charging performance, non-metallised windscreen aperture
Dedicated short-range communication (DSRC)-based EFC
DSRC, application data, functions, security and tests
Autonomous EFC
Charging, communication, update, roaming,
compliance checking and localisation support
GPS
Tech independent: architecture, terminology, data definitions, security guidelines, charging performance metrics and examination framework, pre-payment, personalisation and mounting of first mount OBE, value added services based on EFC OBE
DSRC: data and protocols, test standards, interoperability application profile concept (for DSRC-based Electronic Fee Collection applications).
Autonomous: data and protocols, test standards, interoperability application profile concept for autonomous Electronic Fee Collection applications, compliance checking augmentation,localisation augmentation.
Integrated circuit cards
Options within contact card standards suite; performance & platform for compatibility
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

4. Architecture & technology independent - status
presentation / project / client ...
Architecture & technology independent - status
7 standards
ISO 17573, FprEN ISO FDIS 12855, TR 16092, TR 16152, TR 16040, TR 16219, TS 17574
Need for more work on technical standards?
Security Framework - ongoing
Test standards for Information exchange (12855)?
Profiles for Information exchange?
Other needs?
Consensus processes between stakeholders
Contractual agreements, experiences
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

5. DSRC-based EFC - status
presentation / project / client ...
DSRC-based EFC - status
6 standards
EN ISO 14906, TS /2, EN 15509, EN /2
Need for more work on technical standards?
Security Framework – ongoing
Charging performance – started
Overall
Most standardisation work is done
Other needs?
Integration of the Italian DSRC (not a task for CEN)
Back-office exchange
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

6. Autonomous EFC - status
presentation / project / client ...
Autonomous EFC - status
18 standards
TS /2/3/4, TS /2, TS /2, TS /2, TS /2, TS 12813, TS /2, TS 13141, TS /2
Need for more work on technical standards?
Interoperability application profiles - ongoing
Security Framework - ongoing
Charging performance – started
Other needs?
Consensus processes between stakeholders
Overall
Set of base standards finalised
Need to update the first editions based on experiences from the field
GPS
toll domain statements,
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

7. EFC application standards overview
presentation / project / client ...
EFC application standards overview
Autonomous-EFC
Tests
DSRC-based EFC
Requirements
EFC-tech.
independent
Requirements
Tests
Frameworks
Test Procedures
17573
EFC Architecture
17574
Security Profiles
Security framework
Toolboxes
DSRC-OBU Tests
14906
AID for DSRC-EFC
12855
Info Exchange
/2/3/4
AID Auto.-EFC
XXXXX
17575-Test
25110
AID, IC-cards
Charging
performance
Secure monitoring /
Trusted recorder
Profiles /2
IAP Test
15509
IAP for DSRC-EFC
IAP for Auto-EFC
12813
CCC for Auto-EFC
(/2)
CCC Test
13141
LAC for Auto-EFC
(/2)
LAC Test
Technical
Reports
TR 16040
Urban DSRC systems TR
First Mount OBE
TR 16092
Pre-Paid Req. TR
Value Added Serv.
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

8. EFC standards and the European Electronic Toll Service (EETS)
presentation / project / client ...
EFC standards and the European Electronic Toll Service (EETS)
Not the same scope
EETS is a single service
EFC standards support broader technical needs
EFC standardisation supports the EETS
by providing technical building blocks…
… but does not have the task to deliver ”turn key” standards for the EETS
... this is up to the owner of the EETS
non-technical aspects are outside the scope of CEN
Legislators decide on the legal status of standards; EN “IAP for DSRC” is part of the EETS
EC’s Application Guide refers to the EFC standards - not legally binding
The EETS is a single service, whereas CEN covers all possible EFC services
CEN provides EFC standards for its stakeholders – many different EFC services
EETS owner is in charge of the policies and operational issues, which form a basis for standards development
EFC standards support for the EETS
EETS : “IAP for DSRC” (EN 15509)
Relevant reqs standards : Autonomous EFC /4, CCC, LAC ..
Conformity assessment : use CEN and ETSI test standards?
EETS maintenance by “Coordination Group” : support from CEN?
Future standards under preparation
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

9. EFC standards - Summary
presentation / project / client ...
EFC standards - Summary
Comprehensive set of EFC standards
21 published
9 subject to final approval
Broad market acceptance
DSRC-based EFC: used in more than 40 countries, 140 systems, 50 mio vehicles…
Autonomous EFC: market under development
Systematic review of published standards
Incorporation of lessons learnt and technology advancement
...relevant in particular for the autonomous EFC standards
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

10. Want to know more or participate?
presentation / project / client ...
Want to know more or participate?
Coordination of EFC standardisation : CEN/TC278/WG1
Jesper Engdahl, WG1 Convenor Rapp Trans AG Phone
Johan Hedin, WG1 Secretary Hybris Konsult AB
Phone:
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

11. Is there a need for additional EFC standardisation?
presentation / project / client ...
Is there a need for additional EFC standardisation?
CEN continues to support the European Electronic Toll Service
Under preparation
IAP for autonomous systems (H2/2011)
Charging performance metrics (H2/2012)
Security framework (ditto)
Loose ideas for future standardisation
Secure monitoring and trusted recorder
Suitability for use testing support
EFC application on a cooperative ITS station platform ...
but also broader stakeholder needs – what are your needs?
Miscellaneous test standards for IAP for autonomous systems, security framework ...
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

12. EETS and EFC standards EC co-financed work programme largely delivered
14 published
10 subject to formal vote – “Info exchange” and 9 test standards – publication expected by H2 / 2011
3 on-going – publication expected by H2/2012
27 CEN standards support the interface definitions of the EETS
DSRC-based (6 standards)
Autonomous systems (18 standards)
Technology independent (3 standards)
EETS SP
EETS TC
Interface 1
DSRC charging data (EN /2)
Compliance checking (TS /2)
Localisation augmentation (TS /2)
Interface 3
Toll declaration data, invoicing, exception handling, black lists and toll context data (prEN ISO 12855)
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011

13. Reflections on challenges for the EETS
presentation / project / client ...
Reflections on challenges for the EETS
Governance : ownership and management of the service
Business case (EETS Service providers ...)
Scalability and complexity
Toll domain statements & Toll Chargers’ requirements
Service level agreements ...
Conformity to specifications and suitability for use
Conformity to specifications : harmonization between Member States?
Suitability for use : harmonization between Toll Chargers?
A golden common test bench could accelerate this process?
Incl change request and control procedures
EETS Mid-term review report
Work Work plan for establishing an EETS Specification being discussed in the Stockholm group
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

14. Overall programme of PTs
presentation / project / client ...
Overall programme of PTs
12 PTs – 26 main deliverables
3 European standards (ENs)
19 Technical specifications (TS)
4 Technical reports (TRs)
4 PTs finished their tasks
8 PTs active, 4 PTs recently launched - awaited progress on the autonomous reqs suite
Main deliverables – achievements to date
DSRC : 1 EN approved
Autonomous : 4 TS published/approved
Submitted for formal vote : 4 TS, 2 TR
All works started, some are in an advanced stage
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

15. Recent progress highlights (1)
presentation / project / client ...
Recent progress highlights (1)
Interoperable application profile (IAP) for CEN DSRC
Testing standards ( /2): Support for conformity evaluation and notified bodies
Part 1 Test suite structure and test purposes – “human readable part”: approved
Part 2 Abstract test suite – “machine readable part”: 5 months enquiry completed
Application interface definition for autonomous systems (17575)
Part 1 “Charging” & Part 2 “Communication” : approved
Part 3 “Update” & Part 4 “Roaming” : submitted for formal vote
Testing – 2 WIs approved, 2 NWI proposals subject to approval; 4 draft NWI proposals
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

16. Recent progress highlights (2)
presentation / project / client ...
Recent progress highlights (2)
OBE localization augmentation ( /2)
Means to improve accuracy and availability
Requirements (13141) – approved
Testing Part 1 ( ) – submitted for formal vote
Information exchange between Service provision and Toll charging (12855)
Charging data, black / hot list, report billing details, claim for service usage, enforcement related data
Subject to 5 months CEN enquiry
Compliance checking communication ( /2)
Use : OBE in correct vehicle, vehicle data and OBE operational status
Scope: DSRC compliance initialization and interrogation model; functions, data and security
Requirements (12813) published
Testing Part 1 ( ) – submitted for formal vote
Testing Part 2 ( ) – TC review completed
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

17. Team of EFC standardisation experts
presentation / project / client ...
Team of EFC standardisation experts
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

18. Different approaches to the solution
presentation / project / client ...
Different approaches to the solution
The EETS is basically ”top-down”:
EFC Directive
Commission decision
National legislation
Defining contracts and procedures
Service details
How can we meet in the middle for
a working solution for the EETS?
4. Profile standards
3. Application/toolbox standards
2. Framework standards
1. Communication standards
EFC standardisation is more ”bottom-up”:
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

19. What parts are missing for the EETS?
presentation / project / client ...
What parts are missing for the EETS?
Well… it depends on what the EETS-specification will look like…
Missing parts:
A “full” service description
Conformity evaluation
Security solution (overall, architecture, privacy)
Security tools (specific solutions, choices, access rules, etc)
Profile for Autonomous EFC
Profile for back-office information flows
KPI – performance requirements
More?
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

20. Charging performance metrics and examination framework (1)
Objective
Metrics for measuring charging performance in order to define acceptable level of errors for charging
Methods to ensure repeatability and comparability of test results
Scope
Focused on GNSS-EFC methods, but parts are applicable also to DSRC/RFID (NFC-class) -based EFC systems
Representative of all potential road charging schemes as identified for EETS in CEN ISO/TS 17575
Charging performance, not positioning performance or interface and other technical properties
Independent of system design and internal OBE architecture
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011

21. Charging performance metrics and examination framework (2)
Rationale
Address and formalize performance requirements definition and metrics - Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Reliable and measurable charging is fundamental for Service level agreements
System and vendor-independent (blind) evaluation capability
Protect and support the interests of stakeholders, specifically road users and toll chargers and by extension toll authorities
Policy relevance and market impact
EETS providers and acquirers need performance guidelines.
Key performance metrics are critical to trade in any market. E.g. vendors will have guidance for performance specifications, product standardization, and a possibility to commercialize the same products for multiple applications.
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011

22. Charging performance metrics and examination framework (3)
Relation to other standards / specs / projects
Relates to the charging performance of OBE and PROXY of CEN ISO/TS 17575
EC projects:
M/415 CEN BT 202
GSA managed 6th and 7th FP projects (e.g. GIROADS)
Expert Group 9 working to support the EC re Directive 2004/52/EC
GMAR initiative (
Time table
Draft standard one year from inception draft
Approved standard within two years
Resources required
4-person team with about 120 man days (+ travel allowance) and contributions in kind by WG members
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011

23. EFC Security Framework (1)
presentation / project / client ...
presentation / project / client ...
EFC Security Framework (1)
Objective
Security framework required for interoperability between EFC systems, e.g. the EETS
Scope
Threat analysis for all relevant EFC assets
Security measures on different levels to address the identified threats
A trust model supporting an effective implementation of the security measures
Complements the EFC standards suite where necessary to deliver missing security implementations on the interoperability interfaces. This will be supplemented by cryptographic key management procedures.
Supports privacy-enabled implementations of EFC schemes
Parallel CD ballot (comments only) completed on Comments received from Japan, Netherlands, Spain and UK
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011 2 23
projectnumber / date / initials / filename
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

24. presentation / project / client ...
EFC Security Framework (2)
Rationale
Framework to ensure the trust of all stakeholders in the scheme and to protect the assets (incl data) against external or internal attacks or any intended or unintended non-compliant activity
The security framework provides the necessary security elements which allow an effective implementation of the trust model and relevant security measures
Privacy-enables EFC solutions rely on the implementation of a proper security framework which provides basic security services like confidentiality, integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation
Complement existing standards with an overall framework, including cryptographic key management procedures.
Policy relevance and market impact
Relevant for defining a security policy for European EFC systems and the European Electronic Toll Service
The CESARE IV project identified in its report 3.2 the missing security framework to be a critical item on the road map towards EETS
Foster development and deployment of EFC security services suitable for an open multi-operator environment
Parallel CD ballot (comments only) completed on Comments received from Japan, Netherlands, Spain and UK
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011 2 24
projectnumber / date / initials / filename
projectnumber / date / initials / filename

25. presentation / project / client ...
EFC Security Framework (3)
Relation to other standards / specs / projects
Complements the EFC standards (published and underway)
Takes into account the results from EC projects
Road Charging Interoperability (RCI)
Cesare IV
Expert Group 12 of the Toll Committee of the EC
Time table
Draft for final vote 1 year from inception draft
Resources required
4-person team with a total of 120 man days (+ travel allowance) and contributions in kind by WG members
prEN ISO “System architecture”
CEN ISO/TS “Guidelines for security protection profiles”
prEN ISO “Information exchange between service provision and toll charging”
CEN ISO/TS “CCC”
CEN ISO/TS “LAC”
EN “IAP for DSRC“ / EN ISO “AID for DSRC”
CEN ISO/TS /4 “AID for autonomous systems”
GINA workshop, Lyon, 9 June 2011 2 25
projectnumber / date / initials / filename
projectnumber / date / initials / filename