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Molecular Biology of Genes Chapters 11-12 + DNA Technology (not in your book)
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Double Stranded Helix
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Nitrogenous Bases
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So how do we copy it?
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Genotype to Phenotype
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Building Blocks of Proteins
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tRNA
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Ribosome Structure Large Subunit Small Subunit
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Mutations
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Sickle Cell Example
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DNA Technology
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - used to amplify DNA sequences
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Gel electrophoresis sorts DNA molecules by size ++ – – Power source Gel Mixture of DNA molecules of different sizes Longer molecules Shorter molecules Completed gel
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How Restriction Fragments Reflect DNA Sequence –Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) reflect differences in DNA samples Crime sceneSuspect w x yy z Cut DNA from chromosomes C C G G G G C C A C G G T G C C C C G G G G C C C C G G G G C C x, y, z = restriction fragments Red line =restriction site
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–After digestion by restriction enzymes the fragments are run through a gel – + Longer fragments Shorter fragments x w y z y 12 Crime sceneSuspect w x yy z Cut DNA from chromosomes C C G G G G C C A C G G T G C C C C G G G G C C C C G G G G C C
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DNA fingerprinting can help solve crimes Defendant’s blood Blood from defendant’s clothes Victim’s blood
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