1. Habitat & Waypoints Picture

2. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Design Requirements: A safe, reliable, low maintenance habitat to support all functions related to the first lunar race.  Two bases; Polar & equatorial  Automated Initial Set-up  Provide emergency facilities and support  Video monitoring (HDTV quality)  Launch and Landing Facilities

3. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat:  Characteristics: Modular & Expandable Automated setup Large volume for crew areas Technically feasibility Uses existing launch capabilities Independent of lunar location  Equator or Poles Provides radiation shielding

4. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Automated Set-up: Habitat unfolds:  Floor Veggie-strainer model  Roof High-strength fabric-type material in-between spares  Inflation of the pressure vessel or bladder

5. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Deployment

6. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Automated Set-up (con’t): Lunar regolith positioned by rover  Radiation shielding ~ 2 meters thick  Lunar dust significance mitigated  Improved thermal modulation and control  Micrometeoroid protection

7. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t): Located within the core  Main controls, computers, and small storage  Life-support systems verified operable

8. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Un-automated Set-up: Habitat connecting tube (HTC’s) EVA hatch connection Populate with equipment, resources, etc. Power source connected

9. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Volume NASA recommends 20 (m 3 )/person Other recommendations ~ 120 (m 3 )/person  ISS configuration. This architecture will provide ~120 (m 3 )/person Total Volume ~ 850 (m 3 ) Room for ~ 7 people/module

10. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Modular Habitats & Allocations: Base/Surface Operations – 1 mod Crew quarters – 2 Mod Storage/Equipment – 1 Mod Medical/Mess Hall/Recreation – 1 Mod Rover Teams (~5 - 7) – 3 Mod  Total of 8 modules  Shipped separately

11. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat (con’t):  Crew Numbers and Specializations: Medical Staff ~ 2 Operations ~ 3 Rover teams ~ 15 Engineers/Technicians ~ 2 Misc. ~ 2  Total crew size ~ 24

12. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat Rovers:  Various Functions: A Regolith Positioning Rover:  Launched separate of habitat  Nuclear powered  Very robust, heavy utility  Multi-use (local exploration, material transport) Personnel & Resource transport to & from landing/launching facility

13. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Habitat Connector Tubes (HCT):  Modular  Expandable/collapsible  At least 3 (m) high to accommodate maximum bounding gait for 1/6th gravity  Connects habitat-to-habitat habitat-to-airlock habitat-to-rover

14. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Airlocks:  Modular Design  Shipped in sets of 2 – 4  Possibly uses electromagnetic & water-wash- down as dust removal techniques  Approximate number needed per outpost ~ 4

15. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Hybrid Power Source:  Nuclear Main power source Located a distance away for radiation protection  Solar arrays A good backup for life-support systems Tracking and stable types used

16. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Hybrid Power Source:  Power Beaming Between habitats habitat to rovers habitats to working areas  Batteries for power storage if applicable Minimized use Weight & costs

17. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Landing/Launching Sites:  Located ~ 2 miles away Mitigation of lunar dust on solar panels & rovers  Remotely operated rovers shuttle materials and crew

18. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Communication/HDTV:  TV cameras positioned throughout the facilities  Only certain cameras will be used at a given time due to bandwidth limitations  Cameras on mini-rovers within Habs  Laser transmitters/receivers direct-earth, earth via satellite waypoints

19. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Logistic & Supplies:  An initial resource supply is required: Essentially an open-loop system initially All the materials will be shipped separately If race mission duration is extended, additional materials will need to be shipped  Can transition into more of a closed-loop system. ISRU

20. 2-Dec-04 USC 2004 AME 557 Space Exploration Architecture Future Areas of Research:  Power beaming capabilities  Nuclear power sources  Habitat design details  Rover Excavator /Transporter