1. Classroom Presenter: Supporting Active Learning with the Tablet PC Richard Anderson University of Washington March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 1

2. Draw a picture of something from Singapore March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 2 Press to submit your answer

3. Where are you from? March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 3

4. Classroom Presenter Distributed, Tablet PC based application –Instructor, Display, and Student machines Synchronized navigation of slide deck Instructor ink distributed in real time to all machines Student Submissions –Slides used to distribute activities to students –Student work sent to instructor –Instructor shows student work on the public display March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 4

5. Classroom Presenter March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 5

6. Student Attention vs. Time March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 6 Attention 10 20 30 40 50 60 Time

7. Classroom Technology Vision March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 7 Classroom Pedagogy Student Centric Applications Sustainable Device Deployment

8. Study goals Are devices effective in achieving instructor specific classroom goals in the traditional lecture model What patterns of behavior arise when devices are deployed for classroom interaction March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 8

9. Why use computers to support good pedagogy? Improved logistics and reduced overhead Electronic activities allow digital integration –Efficient display to class –Digital record Specific operations –Anonymous display and submission –Aggregation and analysis Natural extension of instructor presentation system March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 9

10. Pedagogical Goals Strategies used to support classroom instruction Influence material being presented –Classroom Assessments Active Learning –Discovery Class contributions –Misconceptions –Collective Brainstorming March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 10

11. Discovery Students make a discovery from an activity “Learning by doing” Distribution of activity allow students to independently find the result March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 11

12. Find a topological order for the following graph March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 12 E F D A C B K J G H I L

13. Problem Introduction In an algorithms class, give students an instance of the problem to work with before presenting algorithms Ensure students understand the problem Students are more engaged in finding algorithms after they have worked on a problem Students discover aspects of the problem March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 13

14. Determine the LCS of the following strings BARTHOLEMEWSIMPSON KRUSTYTHECLOWN March 19, 200714 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education

15. Submissions March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 15

16. Collective Brainstorm Generate student ideas for discussion Build a list of ideas Analyze and evaluate responses March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 16

17. Special problem: Large Size List at least three problems trees must face (& solve) because of their large sizes. 1. 2. 3. Additional: March 19, 200717 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education

18. Challenge problems Competition in getting solutions Simultaneous work Submission and discussion March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 18

19. Handwriting Recognition: Identify the following words March 19, 2007 19 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education

20. Recognition results March 19, 200720 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education

21. What technology provides Digital domain –Support for archiving, distribution, and analysis Integration with lecture –Allows display with data projector Efficiency –Reducing overhead of distribution and collection Simultaneity –All students work at once to increase contribution rates Additional communication channels –Easier to express certain ideas –Overcomes communication barriers March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 21

22. Classroom Deployment Experience University of Washington, –Algorithms, Data Structures, Software Engineering, Digital Design, Environmental Science UCSD, UCSC, Virginia Tech, UMass, MIT Preliminary Evaluation –Surveys, interviews, observation –Activity Logs –Activity analysis March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 22

23. Classroom Usage Data from Undergraduate Algorithms course (Fall 2005) 7 lectures, 26 activities Logged data – timings of submissions March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 23

24. Time per activity Work time – students working independently on activities Discussion time – student work shown on public display Average work time 4:29 Average display time 2:41 March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 24

25. Time per activity March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 25

26. Participation rates Percentage of students present submitting work –Min 11%, Max 100%, Average 69% Some students would answer without submitting Resubmission common March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 26

27. Submission Rates March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 27

28. Display Behavior Average of 6.15 slides per activity displayed (minimum of 1, maximum of 18) Common pattern – show one or two for most of the time, and quickly show the others March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 28

29. Submitted and Displayed March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 29

30. Collaboration One to three students per tablet Interaction between students often encouraged Instructors would survey and occasionally comment on student work during activity phase Student work a key part of classroom discussion March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 30

31. Anonymity Work displayed on public display without any identification Limited information about submission displayed on the instructor machine Anonymous display valued by the students Students often believe the instructor can identify their work Tagging behavior observed March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 31

32. Results Comparison with classroom networks –Classroom response systems, “clickers” –Single display of rich responses versus aggregated, finite responses –Support different classroom goals Comparison with paper based activities –Most of the activities can be done with paper! –Improved logistics with digital system –Anonymity –Key is ability to incorporate into public display March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 32

33. Tutored Video Instruction with Classroom Interaction Joint project between University of Washington, Beihang University, and Microsoft Research Asia Offer an undergraduate course using Tutored Video Instruction University of Washington course CSE 421 March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 33

34. Motivation Offer undergraduate algorithms course at Beihang –Instructor is in Seattle –Time difference prevented a synchronous distance course March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 34

35. Tutored Video Instruction Base course on facilitated use of recorded materials Materials recorded from a live class Facilitator guides discussion around materials Gibbons, Science 1977 March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 35

36. Course Mechanics Lecture recorded at UW using ConferenceXP Teaching Assistants at Beihang replayed lecture Stopped the video regular for questions and explanation March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 36

37. Role of Tablet PCs UW Course used Tablet PCs once a week Beihang class had Tablet PCs for activities for every lecture –Students did activities –Teaching Assistants displayed the solutions Teaching Assistants used Classroom Presenter to write on slides to enhance explanations March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 37

38. Teaching Assistant Ink March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 38

39. Student Submissions March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 39

40. Evaluation Students performed well –Exam results, observation Positive survey results Interactive class sessions Technology and logistics successful No negative impact on UW class Tablets PCs / Classroom Presenter considered to be very important March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 40

41. Any questions? March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 41 Richard Anderson, anderson@cs.washington.eduanderson@cs.washington.edu Classroom Presenter –www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/ Classroom Presenter 3 downloads –www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/downloads/CP3/www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/downloads/CP3/ CSE 421 Course Web and videos –www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse421/06au/www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse421/06au/ Acknowledgement –Microsoft Research External Research and Programs –Microsoft Research Asia –Beihang University

42. Classroom Presenter 3 Beta Release – April 1 Current builds available from –www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/downloads/CP3/www.cs.washington.edu/education/dl/presenter/downloads/CP3/ Most significant changes from CP2 –Support for TCP/IP networking –Improved ink support –Direct import of PPT (no need for deckbuilder) For more information contact –Richard Anderson, anderson@cs.washington.edu March 19, 2007 Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Mobile Computing in Education 42