1. Standards, Devices, and Software Applications B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies Video Capture and Editing

2. Agenda Video standards and formats Video Cameras Typical set-ups and applications Editing and post production Software applications Deployment issues B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

3. Video Standards Digital video devices must conform to standards Digital standards must maintain compatibility with older analogue standards for broadcast TV

4. Video Standards: Formats PAL = Phase Alternating Line -Western Europe, Australia & New Zealand, China... NTSC = National Television Standards Committee North America, Japan, Taiwan, parts of South America SECAM - (Séquential Couleur Avec Mémoire) - France and former Soviet Union - Analogue Standard only used for transmission- uses PAL cameras

5. Digitization In the camera – DV + Firewire In the computer – video capture card Digitization in camera (DV) means less noise Less noise allows better compression

6. Video Characteristics PAL Frame has 625 lines, 576 are picture 25 frames ( 50 fields) per second NTSC Frame has 525 lines, 480 are picture 29.97 frames (59,94 fields) per second (often quoted as 30 frames per second)

7. Video Standard CCIR 601 PAL 720 x 576 pixels; NTSC 720 x 480 pixels

8. Video Format: PAL Data size PAL = Phase Alternating Line (uncompressed) 768 × 576 pixels per frame × 3 bytes per pixel (24 bit colour) × 25 frames per second = 31 MB per second = 1.85 GB per minute

9. Video Format: NTSC Data size NTSC uncompressed 640 × 480 pixels per frame × 3 bytes per pixel (24 bit colour) × 30 frames per second (approx) = 26 MB per second = 1.6 GB per minute

10. Video Standard: DV Consumer format, aslo known as mini-DV DVCAM, DVPRO use different tape formats, but generate the same data stream Data rate constant 25Mbits per second Compression ration 5:1

11. Video Standard: MPEG ISO/IEC Motion Picture Experts Group Series of standards including MPEG-1 intended for video CD MPEG-2 used in DVD and Broadcast MPEG-4 for low bit-rate multimedia

12. Streamed Video Play back a video stream over a network (like broadcast TV) Use dedicated media server to stream content to match capacity of network connection QuickTime movie Embed into Macromedia Flash

13. Video Equipment:Entry Level B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

14. Video Equipment: DVD Record B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

15. Video Equipment: Pro B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

16. Video Equipment: Pro B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

17. Advanced Setup B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

18. Video Editing Make a sequence (movie) from a collection of parts (clips) Selection, trimming and organization of raw footage Apply transitions (e.g dissolves) between clips Combine moving images with sound No changes made to the original resource footage

19. Post Production Changing or adding to the material Most changes are generalizations of image manipulation operations (e.g colour correction, blurring and sharpening,…) Compositing - combining elements from different movies into a composite sequence Animating elements and combining animation with live action

20. Software Applications Premiere Pro 1.5 - PC only Adobe Final Cut - Apple Mac iMovie - Apple Mac Ulead Media Studio Pro After Effects - Adobe Pinnacle Studios

21. B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies

22. B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies Final Cut Pro

23. B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies Pinnacle Studio

24. Deployment Compromises required to bring resource requirements of video within capabilities of delivery medium ( e.g networks) and low-end machines Reduce frame size - down sample to quarter frame size - i.e. 320x240 pixels Reduce sample rate (12 or 15 fps is OK for smooth motion, flicker not a problem on computer Reduce colour depth

25. References B.Sc. (Hons) Multimedia ComputingMedia Technologies Digital Multimedia 2nd Edition Chapman N. Chapman J. Wiley. 2004 http://www.adobe.com http://www.apple.com http://www.ulead.com http://www.pinnaclesys.com