1. 1. The fact that we use water does not mean that we actually consume it. What does this mean?

2. 3. Advantages of using groundwater as a freshwater resource.
Groundwater is more reliable than surface water (it fluctuates less);
Groundwater doesn’t need to be treated as much because soil and rock deep underground filter out impurities;

3. 3. Disadvantages of using groundwater as a freshwater resource.
Some groundwater may have an unpleasant, metallic taste because of the presence of minerals.
Minerals also make the water hard and prevent soap and shampoo from lathering properly.
Groundwater can become contaminated by farm runoff.

4. 4. Instream uses of water…
When water is used without removing it from lakes or rivers.
Hydroelectric power generation
Recreation
Fisheries

5. 4. Withdrawal use of water…
Removes the water from the lake or river for consumption.
Manufacturing
Agriculture
Drinking water

6. 5. Why will the demand for water increase in the future?
Increasing populations
Industries get bigger
Increased pollution
Diverting water?

7. 2. How does farming contribute to water pollution?
Chemical pollution (pesticides)
Biological pollution (from bacteria, ie: E. Coli)

8. 3. Scientists have called the Great Lakes a chemical soup. Explain.
Some industries have dumped toxic chemicals into the lakes over the years… resulting in 360 chemicals in the water. (lead, mercury, dioxin, PCBs)
There may be up to 43 “toxic hot spots” in the Great Lakes.

9. Bioaccumulation

10. What are 3 main ways water can become polluted?

11. PHYSICAL POLLUTION
Least harmful, but most obvious … floating garbage, old tires, bottles…

12. BIOLOGICAL POLLUTION
Bacteria and viruses that enter rivers and lakes from many sources… such as sewage.
Approx. 20% of Canadian cities put raw sewage into fresh water…

13. CHEMICAL POLLUTION
This is the most dangerous form of water pollution. The chemicals are usually colourless, odourless, and tasteless. Two sources are pesticides and herbicides.