1. How did the first humans survive?
Date: A B
Early Humans
How did the first humans survive?
Warm Up:
What does a person need to survive? Come up with a list of seven things.
Class Work:
Warm-Up
Early Humans Notes
WIO-Closure
WIO: What do you think was the key to success for early humans? Why?
*Minimum of 6 Sentences*
HW:
Page 18
Page 19

2. Hominids are the family of mankind and his or her relatives.
The First Humans
Hominids are the family of mankind and his or her relatives.

3. TRACING THE MIGRATION (MOVEMENT) OF EARLY HUMANS
ACCORDING TO THE MAP, WHERE DID EARLY HUMANS ORIGIN?
East AFRICA

4. KEY UNDERSTANDINGS: WHAT DOES MIGRATION MEAN?
MIGRATION IS MOVING FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER
NAME TWO REASONS WHY EARLY HOMINIDS MIGRATED FROM AFRICA.
1) Food ) Climate 
HOW DID EARLY HOMINIDS MOVE FROM CONTINENT TO CONTINENT?
They built rafts or walked over glaciered land bridges between the continents before the end of the Ice Age.

5. Very Early Humans
It was during this time that the higher primates, including apes and early man, first appeared.
There was a difference between apes and man. Early human-like hominids could stand upright. Apes could not.
Their hands were different, too. Ape hands were made for climbing and clinging. Man’s hands were jointed differently, which allowed them to make and use tools.

6. First Humans www.sonoma.edu/.../ anclub/neanderfacts.html
Characteristics
Powerful jaw
Receding chins
Low foreheads
Heavy eyebrows

7. Fossils & Artifacts
Fossils remains of living things (plants, animals, and people); not things that were made.
Artifacts are the remains of things that were made by humans, not the remains of living things.

8. *NOTES*
LOUIS & MARY LEAKEY ( ) - Kenyan archaeologists who began looking for early human remains in East Africa. They found many tools, bones & other artifacts.
DONALD JOHANSON - (1974) archaeologist who found “Lucy”, a part of an early human skeleton in Ethiopia

9. "Lucy" skeleton, Australopithecus afarensis, about 2
"Lucy" skeleton, Australopithecus afarensis, about 2.6 million years ago.

10. Archaeologist Mary Leaky

11. STANDARDS FOR BEING HUMAN:
1. 90cc skull size
2. Upright vertebrate
3. Thumb for tool making

12. Stage 1-Homo Habilis- “Handy Man”
First to make stone tools
2.5 million years Ago
Did not know how to make fire

13. Stage 2- Homo Erectus 1st to use fire May have had spoken language
1st hominid to migrate out of East Africa
1.5 million BC – 250,000 BC
HOMO ERECTUS  “upright man”

14. Upright Man That changed everything!
Many years passed. Another group of man was born. Scientists nicknamed this group “Upright Man”. Upright Man did know how to make fire.
That changed everything!
People began to cook their food, which helped to reduce disease. People collected around the fire each night, to share stories of the day's hunt and activities, which helped to develop a spirit of community.

15. Upright Man
These Stone Age people were about the same size as modern humans.
Their tool-making skills were considerably improved. Their weapons included stone axes and knives.
Because Upright Man could make fire, he was free to move about in search of food. He did not have to worry about freezing. He made warm clothes from animal skins. At night, he built a campfire to cook his food and to stay warm.

16. Man Leaves Home
About one million years ago, Upright Man began to slowly leave Africa. These early people began to populate the world.
They did not need a boat. The Ice Age was here! They traveled across giant walkways of frozen ice, over what later would become vast rivers and seas.
Scientists have found artifacts of their tools and weapons, which help us to understand how they lived, where they went, and how they got there.

17. Stage 3- Homo Sapiens Neanderthals Cro-Magnons 250,000 BC - 30,000 BC
HOMO SAPIENS  “wise humans”

18. Neanderthals 1st to bury their dead Religious beliefs
Clothes made of animal skin
Scientists once thought that Neanderthals were ancestors of modern humans but no longer do.
These hominids appeared 200,000 years ago.
About 30,000 years ago, though, the Neanderthals strangely disappeared.

19. Neanderthals
*Neanderthals were different from other species of early humans.
*They were tall and smart
* lived in caves
*They were great hunters.
Considering how smart they were, and how advanced for their time, scientists are puzzled that the Neanderthals were one of the early species of man to die out. Many species of man died out in these early days. But why the Neanderthals? It is a history mystery.

20. Cro-Magnons- Homo Sapiens
30, BC
Replaced Neanderthals
Fully modern human

21. Cro-Magnon Man
Another group of early men stood out during this period. Scientists nicknamed this group “Cro-Magnon man”.
Cro-Magnon man lived in Europe.
This group did not live a life of constant struggle for survival because they worked together to provide food for their tribe.

22. Cro-Magnon Man
These Stone Age people learned to cure and store food for the long winter.
They used traps, which allowed them to catch food while they were busy doing something else. Fisherman used nets woven from vines and fishhooks.
Some groups built rafts and canoes to catch bigger fish in deeper waters.
They made clothing and jewelry.
They invented the bow
and arrow.

23. Cro-Magnons
About 10,000 years before Neanderthals vanished, the Cro-Magnons appeared.
Their bodies were just like those of modern people.
Scientists think that these people worked with one another in planning large-scale hunts of animals.
They may have also had more skill at speaking than Neanderthals.
Because they had these skills, the Cro-Magnons were better at finding food. That may explain why Cro-Magnons survived and Neanderthals did not.

24. During this time people found shelter in caves and left behind very interesting artifacts

25. Cave Paintings
Cro-Magnon man did something rather unusual. For some reason, he drew paintings deep inside dark caves, on cave walls.
His paintings were added to the paintings already on the cave walls, left by other Cro-Magnon men.
Over time, a cave might accumulate hundreds of paintings. Colors used most often were brown, yellow/tan, dark red, and coal black.

26. Clovis People About 12,000 years ago First AMERICANS
Hunted large MAMMALS such as WOOLLY MAMMOTH
Crossed land BRIDGE from SIBERIA to ALASKA

28. Key Questions
You will answer these questions on a separate sheet of paper and will turn this into me.
All questions must be answered in complete sentences.
Finish the WIO once you have completed the questions.

29. 1.Why was the ability to make fire so important?
2.How could early humans travel from Africa to Australia without a boat?
3.What did Cro-Magnon man paint on cave walls? Why is that important?
4.Why did the Neanderthals die out and not the Cro-Magnons?
5.What is an artifact?
6.What is special about the Clovis people?

30. WIO What do you think was the key to success for early humans? Why?
*Minimum of 6 Sentences*