1. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 1 Systems Investigation and Analysis Chapter 12

2. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 2 Chapter 12 Outline An Overview of Systems Development Systems Development Life Cycles Factors Affecting Systems Development Success Systems Investigation Systems Analysis

3. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 3 An Overview of Systems Development

4. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 4 Participants in Systems Development

5. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 5 Initiating Systems Development

6. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 6 Information Systems Planning

7. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 7 Aligning Corporate and IS Goals

8. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 8 Developing a Competitive Advantage Creative analysis Critical analysis –Going beyond automating manual systems –Question assumptions –Identify and resolve conflicting objectives

9. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 9 Establishing Objectives for Systems Development Performance objectives –Output quality or usefulness –Output format quality or usefulness –Speed at which output is produced Cost objectives –Development costs –Fixed investments –Ongoing operating costs –Uniqueness costs

10. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 10 Systems Development and E- Commerce Internet technology - enables companies to extend their information systems beyond their boundaries to reach their customers, suppliers, and partners. Dynamic Core Business Application that runs over the Web - must be reliable and fault tolerant, providing continuous availability while processing all transactions accurately.

11. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 11 Trends in Systems Development and ERP ERP vendor as one-stop provider Applications to integrate with ERP systems External consulting

12. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 12 Systems Development Life Cycles

13. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 13 Factors Affecting Systems Development Success

14. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 14 Systems Development Life Cycles

15. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 15 The Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle

16. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 16 Advantages and Disadvantages of Traditional SDLC

17. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 17 Prototyping

18. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 18 Prototyping

19. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 19 Advantages and Disadvantages of Prototyping

20. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 20 Rapid Application Development (RAD)

21. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 21 Reasons for Outsourcing

22. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 22 Factors Affecting Systems Development Success Degree of Change –Continuous Improvement versus Reengineering –Managing change

23. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 23 Factors Affecting Systems Development Success

24. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 24 Quality and Standards

25. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 25 The Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

26. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 26 Project Management Project schedule Project milestone Project deadline Critical path

27. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 27 Use of Project Management Tools

28. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 28 Use of Project Management Tools

29. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 29 Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools Automate many of the tasks required in a systems development effort and enforce adherence to the SDLC, thus instilling a high degree of rigor and standardization to the entire systems development process Upper-CASE tools - CASE packages that focus on activities associated with the early stages of systems development. Lower-CASE tools - focus on the later stages of systems development and are capable of automatically generating structured program code. Integrated-CASE tools - provide links between upper- and lower-CASE packages.

30. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 30 CASE Tools

31. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 31 Object-Oriented Systems Development Object-oriented systems development typically involves: Identifying potential problems and opportunities within the organization that would be appropriate for the OO approach Defining the kind of system users require Designing the system Programming or modifying modules Evaluation by users Periodic review and modification

32. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 32 Systems Investigation

33. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 33 Systems Investigation In general, systems investigation attempts to uncover answers to the following questions: –What primary problems might a new or enhanced system solve? –What opportunities might a new or enhanced system provide? –What new hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, personnel, or procedures will improve an existing system or are required in a new system? –What are the potential costs (variable and fixed)? –What are the associated risks?

34. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 34 Participants in Systems Investigation

35. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 35 Feasibility Analysis

36. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 36 Sample Net Present Value Calculation

37. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 37 Object-Oriented Systems Investigation

38. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 38 The Systems Investigation Report

39. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 39 Systems Analysis

40. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 40 Identifying Sources of Data

41. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 41 Collecting Data

42. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 42 Data Analysis Data modeling Activity modeling Application flowcharts Grid charts CASE tools

43. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 43 Data and Activity Modeling

44. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 44 Application Flowcharts

45. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 45 Grid Charts

46. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 46 Requirements Analysis Asking directly Critical success factors (CSFs) The IS plan Screen and report layout

47. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 47 The IS Plan

48. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 48 Screen and Report Layout

49. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 49 Object-Oriented Systems Analysis

50. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 50 The Systems Analysis Report

51. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 51 Summary Systems development team - of stakeholders, users, managers, systems development specialists, and various support personnel Five phases of the traditional SDLC - investigation, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance and review Systems investigation participants - stakeholders, users, managers, employees, analysts, and programmers

52. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 52 Principles and Learning Objectives Effective systems development requires a team effort of stakeholders, users, managers, systems development specialists, and various support personnel, and it starts with careful planning. –Identify the key participants in the systems development process and discuss their roles. –Define the term information systems planning and list several reasons for initiating a systems project. –Identify important system performance requirements for applications that run on the Internet or a corporate intranet or extranet. –Discuss three trends that illustrate the impact of enterprise resource planning software packages on systems development.

53. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 53 Principles and Learning Objectives Systems development often uses tools to select, implement, and monitor projects, including net present value (NPV), prototyping, rapid application development, CASE tools, and object-oriented development. –Discuss the key features, advantages, and disadvantages of the traditional, prototyping, rapid application development, and end- user systems development life cycles. –Identify several factors that influence the success or failure of a systems development project. –Discuss the use of CASE tools and the object-oriented approach to systems development.

54. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 54 Principles and Learning Objectives Systems development starts with investigation and analysis of existing systems. –State the purpose of systems investigation. –Discuss the importance of performance and cost objectives. –State the purpose of systems analysis and discuss some of the tools and techniques used in this phase of systems development.

55. Principles of Information Systems, Sixth Edition 55 End of Chapter 12