1. Title slide PIPELINE QRA SEMINAR

2. PIPELINE RISK ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION TO HAZID 2

3. Description “HAZID is a structured, team based approach to identify hazards, their potential consequences, and requirements for risk reduction” INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Content slide 3

4. What is the purpose of HAZID? -For the defined system, identify relevant hazards and their causes and potential consequences -Document any existing safeguards (i.e. preventing the hazard and/or consequences from the hazard) -Assess the risk (i.e. assess the probability/frequency and consequences) associated with the identified hazards -Make recommendations and assign actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the identified hazards INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Content slide 4

5. Difference between risk and hazard? Risk could be described as the exposure to a hazard Hazard – any event/object that could cause harm Hazard – a crocodile / Risk – exposed to a crocodile More academic importance 5 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

6. Team-based workshop -HAZID chairman -HAZID scribe -Participants Different responsibilities within the HAZID team Composition and size of the team depending on the situation (e.g. complexity) Preferable smaller group (i.e. less than 10) 6 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

7. Participants appropriate knowledge and experience (i.e. experts for the different parts of the system) Participants appropriate knowledge and experience (e.g. operational personnel) -Maintenance -Safety -Process Stakeholders (e.g. contractor, consultant, client and authorities) 7 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

8. Structured – use of guidewords (established before the workshop) Specific guidewords for the situation and system (combination of guidelines, company specific and experience) Purpose of assisting in the identification or hazards 8 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

9. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 9

10. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 10

11. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 11

12. EXAMPLE OF HAZID 12

13. Difficulties in determine what is actually the hazard, the cause and the consequence -The hazard (i.e. leak of hydrocarbon from a pipeline system) -The cause of an event (i.e. corrosion which causes a leakage from the pipeline) -The resulting consequence of an event (i.e. fire after ignition of the leakage from the pipeline) -The hazard (i.e. corrosion which causes a leakage from the pipeline) -The cause of an event (i.e. damaged corrosion protection on the pipeline) -The resulting consequence of an event (i.e. leak of hydrocarbon from a pipeline system) Confusion (i.e. incorrect use – academic importance) Consistency – use the same approach throughout the HAZID! 13 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

14. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 14

15. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 15

16. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 16

17. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 17

18. What is the purpose of HAZID? -For the defined system, identify relevant hazards and their causes and potential consequences -Document any existing safeguards (i.e. preventing the hazard and/or consequences from the hazard) -Assess the risk (i.e. assess the probability/frequency and consequences) associated with the identified hazards -Make recommendations and assign actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the identified hazards INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Content slide 18

19. Sometimes a HAZID only include the risk identification (i.e. where hazards and their causes and consequences are identified) Most of them time a HAZID also include a qualitative risk assessment (i.e. where the probability/frequency and consequences for the identified hazards are assessed) Assessment carried out with the support from a risk matrix 19 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Content slide

20. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 20

21. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 21

22. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 22

23. A number of actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the hazards are assigned at the workshop -Additional information -Inspections -Detailed studies -Detailed calculations -Changes in the design Based on the close-out of these actions (and possible implementation) an updated risk assessment (residual risk) Carried out weeks or months after the workshop 23 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

24. EXAMPLE OF HAZID Content slide 24

25. 25 EXAMPLE OF HAZID

26. The hazards are recorded in the HAZID sheet The actions are recorded in action sheets The workshop is presented in the HAZID report -Presentation of the HAZID sheet (i.e. the information established at the workshop) -Presentation of the action sheets -Information on the workshop (e.g. participants, guidewords and methodology) Updated based on the close-out of actions and updated risk assessment (residual risk) 26 INTRODUCTION TO HAZID

27. Advantages of HAZID Flexibility (e.g. concept – high-level hazards / detailed design – detailed hazards) Flexibility (e.g. could be used to analyse one concept or compare two different concepts) Thorough (i.e. systematic approach) Well documented (e.g. easy to keep track on information) INTRODUCTION TO HAZID 27

28. Disadvantages of HAZID Information (i.e. strongly depending on the information available) HAZID team (i.e. depending on the expertise and experience within the team) Close-out of actions (i.e. depending on the commitment from management) Effectiveness (i.e. only effective if the hazards identified are resolved and appropriate actions implemented) INTRODUCTION TO HAZID 28

29. Round-around the table (i.e. speak up your strongest concerns regarding possible hazards) before going into the guidewords Gathering experts for the different parts of the system often leads to discussion of things which might not actually be a hazard (more cross-disciplinary problems) – keep focus on the hazards! Spend some time defining the actual system (e.g. boundaries and project phase) INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Content slide 29

30. QUESTIONS? End slide 30