1. Persian Wars

2. I Can…. Explain what forces united the Greek city-states Identify :
the impact of the Persian Wars on Greece
Battle of Marathon
Battle of Thermopylae
Battle of Salamis
Battle of Platea
Delian League
I can define:
Alliance

3. How did the Greeks view non-Greeks?
Barbarians

4. Which Greek city-state was the wealthiest?
Athens

5. Which civilization had the largest empire?
Persians
The Ionian Greeks rebel against Persian rule.
Athens send some ships to help.(Made Darius angry!!)
Persians greatly out number Greeks, but the Greeks are fighting for their homeland.
Persians retreat

6. Ionian Greeks in Asia Minor try to overthrow Persian rule.
Athens aids revolting cities
“These ships were the beginning of mischief both to the Greeks and to the barbarians” -Herodotus
Persians seek revenge – King Darius leads an invasion of Greece (491 BC)
“Master, remember the Athenians”

8. First Persian War (491-490 BC) Battle of Marathon
Persian fleet lands at Marathon.
Amphibious Invasion (sea to land)
Athenians greatly outnumbered by Persian army
Broke through lines, fought hand to hand
Forces:
Athenians = 10, ,000 Plataens
Persians = 20,000 – 60,000 Infantry, 1000 Cavalry

9. Battle of Marathon “NIKE!, NIKE!, NIKE!”
Phidippides runs to Athens, 26.2 miles away,
cries out “Rejoice we are
victorious!”
“NIKE!, NIKE!, NIKE!”
watch?v=geR3BrcWSt0

10. Then….
collapses and dies. This made Darius so mad, that he invades Greece.

18. Second Persian War (480-479 BC) Battle of Thermopylae
Leaders
Persian King Xerxes
Second Persian War ( BC) Battle of ThermopylaeSpartan Leonidas
Athenian Themistocles
Athenians/Spartans combined together with 29 other city-states under leadership of Sparta

19. **Battle of Thermopylae**
**Xerxes-Darius’s son takes over after Darius’s death.
Sends a large army to defeat the Greeks.
Land at Thermoplylae a small mountain pass.
**Persians defeat the Greeks.***
A Greek traitor showed the Persians a weak spot in the Greek army.

20. Double-envelopment/double pincer strategy
Greeks Victorious
6,400 Persians die
192 Athenians die
Athenians march to Athens to prevent Persian landing.
Themistocles urged Athenians to build fleet of warships and prepare for Persians return

22. Here they defended themselves to the last, such as still had swords using them, and the others resisting with their hands and teeth, til the barbarians who now encircled them upon every side, overwhelmed and buried the remnant that was left beneath the showers of missile weapons”
-Herodotus

25. Aftermath of Thermopylae
Spartans hold pass long enough for Greeks to retreat, defending it to the last man – moral victory
300 Spartans die and most Greek allies
20,000 Persians die
“A Spartan leaves the field with his shield or upon it”
Held off Persians long enough for Athenians to evacuate to Salamis before Athens is burned.

26. What About 300? Background is true Roots in the History of Herodotus
The Spartans did NOT fight alone
Spartans portrayed fairly accurate
No Monsters!
The Immortals were real Persian soldiers
P.S. You are still too young to see this movie!

28. Battle of Salamis (480 B.C.)
Athenians use their navy to lure Persian ships into the narrow straits of Salamis

29. Battle of Salamis: Persian Defeat
Greek used underwater battering rams on their ships to sink Persian ships
Speed, maneuverability of Greek ships and knowledge of the waters

32. Battle of Platae
Spartans defeat the Persians and force them out of Greece.
Greeks felt that the gods had protected them.

34. End of Wars Persia invades and burns Athens
Athenians had already fled the city.
Lure the Persians to a narrow strait of Salamis
Athenian rowers drove into Persian boats with battering rams
Fleet was defeated

35. Delian League Athens forms alliances with 150 other city states
Each state contributes ships, soldiers, and money
Athens richest, so they dominate.
Use the money to rebuild Athens.

36. I Can…. Explain what forces united the Greek
city-states—Nationalism against Persia
Identify
the impact of the Persian Wars on Greece—
Unified Greek city states
Battle of Marathon---
Greeks defeat Persians
Battle of Thermopylae---
Xerxes defeats the Greeks
Battle of Salamis---
naval battle won by Athens
Battle of Platea—
Sparta defeats Persia
Delian League—
Athens and her allies
I can define:
Alliance---
groups who agree to work together