1. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc 1 Prepared By: Renee Brokaw University of North Carolina, Charlotte This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Unit 1 Principles of Communication 2

3. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Chapter 2 Foundations of Human Communication 3

4. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Communication Principles for a Lifetime 4

5. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc How Well Do You Know Yourself? Self-awareness – developing self-awarness involves being conscious not only this present moment but also of who you are,your value in this life and your perception of yourself and others.how well do you know yourself? This can be defined as the capacity to observe and reflect upon one’s own mental states Symbolic self-awareness -also called self – awarness.This is unique human ability to develop a representation of one self and communicate to others by language. Sociologist D.Layder outlines 5 features of the self. 5

6. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Scott Layder’s Five Properties of the Self Exists on social and psychological levels Reflects our mental existence and fuels behavior Creates a focal point of action and control Is flexible, pliable and multi-faceted Involves a spiritual or “higher” self 6

7. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Abraham Maslow’s Framework for Developing Self-Awareness Unconscious incompetence Conscious incompetence Conscious competence Unconscious competence 7

8. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Self-Concept: Who Are You? Self Self-concept 8

9. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Self-Concept Components Self-image Attitude Belief Values 9

10. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc William James’s Dimensions of Self Material Self Social Self Spiritual Self 10

11. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc How Self-Concept Develops Communicating with other individuals Associating with groups Assuming various roles Assigning self-labels 11

12. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc John Stewart’s Four Characteristics of Self-Concept Identities are: –Multi-dimensional and changing –Responsive to others –Develop in past and present relationships –Avowed and ascribed 12

13. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Strategies for Enhancing Self- Esteem Engage in positive self-talk Visualize Reframe Develop honest relationships Surround yourself with positive people –Lose your baggage 13

14. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Self-Esteem: What is Your Value? Self-esteem Self-concept clarity Gender Social comparisons Self-expectations Self-fulfilling prophecy 14

15. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Challenge Question Learning to get over negative experiences that happened in your past is an example of A.Self-talk B.Reframing C.Losing baggage D.Visualization 15

16. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Answer Learning to get over negative experiences that that happened in your past is an example of A.Self-talk B.Reframing C.Losing baggage D.Visualization 16

17. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc The Perception Process Stage One –Attention –Selection Stage Two –Organization –Closure Stage Three –Interpretation 17

18. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc What Do You See? 18

19. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Challenge Question The perception process consists of which of the following? A.Attention and selection, organization, interpretation. B.Organization, visualization, interpretation. C.Attribution, organization, selection. D.Attention and selection, reframing, closure. 19

20. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Answer The perception process consists of which of the following? A.Attention and selection, organization, interpretation. B.Organization, visualization, interpretation. C.Attribution, organization, selection. D.Attention and selection, reframing, closure. 20

21. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Why Perceptions Vary Divergent experience and backgrounds Gender differences –Men have global perceptions –Women are more detailed Especially more perceptive in reading non-verbal cues 21

22. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc Enhancing Perceptual Accuracy Increase your awareness Avoid stereotypes Check your perceptions –Indirect perception checking –Direct perception checking 22