1. Part 03 - fNIRS: mobile and high-density applications and multi-modal integration

2. What are some examples of how NIRS is used today?

3. Applications of NIRS

4. NIRx subjects: Infants -> Adults
NIRx NIRScaps are comfortable and conforming. Most end-users find it more comfortable than EEG, as it does not involve the use of any scalp abrasion, or heavy, gooey gel.
Standard NIRScaps can be worn for several hours with minimal discomfort. Long-term monitoring caps are available upon request, with specialized components to increase comfort and reduce head fatigue.

5. Flat probes for sensitive subjects
The above picture shows a concurrent EEG/NIRS measurement. Use of our flat probes is ideal for subjects with sensitive skin or heads.

6. Hyperscanning = Multi-subject measurements
Multi-subject concurrent measurements have become increasingly popular lately. Peer group, parent-child, and other relationships are effectively quantifiable with the use of our hyperscanning setups.

7. Video of NIRx Hyperscanning
Hyperscanning = Multi-subject measurements
Click to watch video!
Video of NIRx Hyperscanning

8. Mobile NIRS - Key
The NIRSport is connected to the Surface Tablet via a USB 2.0 connection.
The two devices are put into the NIRSport backpack and the backpack is placed on the subject.

9. Wireless Multi-subject measurements
WiFi
NIRSport allows multi-subject measurements to be made wirelessly, integrating data from freely-moving subjects in real-world environments.
Integrated Data

10. fNIRS solutions on small animals
We offer specialized stereotaxic holders for small rodent measurements.

11. fNIRS solutions on small animals
Freely-moving measurements may also be done on small animals.

12. fNIRS solutions on large animals - Macaque
NIRx offers an integrated hybrid atlas for NIRS studies on rhesus macaque monkeys.

13. NIRS/EEG – Concurrent Measurements
NIRx’s integrated EEG/NIRS solutions are numerous. Here we see integration with the NIRScoutX system and an active electrode EEG setup.

14. Synchronization of NIRS & EEG
Stimulation:
Visual
Auditory
Tactile
etc.
Response
SUBJECT
NIRS
Measurement
USB
Digital Interface:
LPT (parallel) Port
Data Acquisition Card
3rd Party Interface
PC Bus
Trigger Cable
(4 or 8 lines)
NIRStar records:
NIRS Data
Event markers
EEG Amp
Trigger Splitter (optional)

15. Visual Study Example – Integrated NIRS/EEG
NIRS Source
NIRS Detector
NIRS Channel

16. NIRS and EEG Positions EEG electrode NIRS Source NIRS Detector
NIRS Channel
NIRS Detector

17. Single-Trial NIRS Response – NIRS/EEG

18. Real-Time Block Average DisplayOz O1 O2
EEG channels

19. Co-located NIRS-EEG

20. Brain-Computer Interface with NIRS Streaming

21. BCI Performance Improvement: EEG+HbO
Fazli et al, Neuroimg. 2011

22. NIRS-EEG Atlas
MNI Atlas
Subject Atlas

23. Optical Coupling Solution
An optical coupler is used for the active LED sources (NIRScout and NIRSport) and active detectors (NIRSport), so that there is no electrical interference from NIRS while using MRI, TMS, or MEG concurrently with NIRS.
Optical probes are used in place of their electrical counterparts for concurrent MRI, TMS, and MEG measurements with NIRS.

24. Low profile optodes: TMS/fNIRS
NIRx offers low-profile optodes for specialized measurements, such as NIRS/TMS applications.
Probe height is ~7mm.

25. fNIRS/fMRI Concurrent Measurement Layout
The NIRx system and coupler are located outside the magnet room, with source and detector fibers going to and from the subject respectively. Fibers may be up to 10m in length.
Source Current
Magnet Room
LED-to-Fiber Coupler
Detector Current

26. Portable fNIRS laboratories
The NIRSport is lightweight and compact. It is easily setup in any environment, allowing researchers to meet subjects anywhere!

27. Wearable NIRS Study while biking
(Piper et al. Neuroimage 2013)
The study exhibited the viability of the portable solution. The subject rode a bicycle while wearing a 16-probe NIRS system.

28. Portable/Wearable Triggers
Subject manual trigger
Integrated event presentation
earphones
Software synchronization 1:
Stimulus
software
USB

29. Where is NIRS headed
in the future?

30. Optical Tomography in the future
The potential for NIRS in the future is immense. A few promising applications on the horizon include: underwater measurements, brain connectivity measurements, and consumer neurofeedback in everyday real-world environments. We see NIRS as a central point for growth in neuroscience in all these areas very soon!

31. Thanks!
... Questions?