2. Obesity and Children Love and Respect Acceptance and Fun By: Candance Gabel, M.S. R.D.L.D.

4. “Overweight” = BMI > 95 th percentile “At risk for Overweight” = BMI > 85 th percentile but < 95 th percentile

5. What Causes Obesity? Genetics Familial Factors Socio-demographic Factors Dietary Factors Physical Activity and Sedentary Activity Psychological Factors

6. Medical Reasons Hypothyroidism Cushing’s Syndrome Prader-Willi Turner’s Syndrome Laurence-Moon-Biedl

7. Hereditary? Somewhere between 30 – 75% of the variance in adiposity within a population can be explained by genetics.

8. What do Parents have to do with it? Parental education and race Age of mother and race Number of siblings and race

9. Prevalence of Overweight in 9-10 Year Old Girls by Parental Education and Race Black GirlsWhite Girls n=1213n=1166 Parental Education < High School31%29% Some College31%25% >4 Years College32%16% Patterson, Crawford, et al 1997

10. Prevalence of overweight in 9-10 year old girls by age of mother and race Black Girls White Girls Age of Mother/Female Guardian <3126%20% 31-3529%23% 36-4033%19% 41-4537%21% >4536%27% Patterson, Crawford, et al 1997

11. Prevalence of overweight in 9-10 year old girls by number of siblings and race Black GirlsWhite Girls Number of Siblings 035%29% 134%21% 228%20% >326%14%

12. Eating Practiceyesno Eating while watching TV19001790 Eat while doing homework19201820 Eat when not hungry19001830 Sneak food18801830 Buy snacks18701820 Eat big helpings18801820

13. Vulnerable Times Prenatal Adiposity rebound (Age 5 to 7) Adolescence Early Adulthood Pregnancy Menopause

14. Health Risks Increased blood pressure Increased total cholesterol Abnormal lipoproteins Hyperinsulineamia

15. Psycho Social Depression Low self-esteem Work difficulties Social difficulties

17. Seeing Things Differently Factors to consider when assessing weight in Adolescents

18. Redefining “success” with overweight intervention Improved body image Division of responsibility Physically active life-style Healthful eating pattern Ability to deal with peers Normal medical indicators Weight stabilization Improved self-esteem