1. UbiRoad: “Semantic Middleware for Smart Traffic Management”
Vagan Terziyan
and Industrial Ontologies Group
Resource Agent
Resource Agent
Resource Agent
“Driver”
University of Jyväskylä
“Vehicle”
Jyvaskyla,
March 2011
Industrial Ontologies Group

2. Industrial Ontologies Group University of Jyväskylä
IOG Team Kernel
University of Jyväskylä
Researchers
Vagan Terziyan (Head)
Olena Kaykova
Oleksiy Khriyenko
Sergiy Nikitin
Michal Nagy
Contact Person:
Timo Tiihonen s:
phone:
Michael Cochez
Joonas Kesäniemi
Viljo Pilli-Sihvola
Jose Luis Garduno
URL:

3. Future Smart Traffic Systems: our expectations
Transportation and driving to be more comfortable, efficient, ecological and less risky;
seamless mobile information and service provisioning to the users;
interoperability between the in-vehicle and roadside devices, databases, systems and services produced and programmed by different vendors and/or providers, and the need for seamless and flexible collaboration (including discovery, coordination, conflict resolution and possibly even negotiation) amongst the infrastructure devices and services.

4. Interoperability Challenge
Future Web applications and Web-based systems will contain heterogeneous components and therefore will demand support for integration, interoperability, collaboration and mutual service provisioning between resources of different types.

5. Components of a modern system are not only highly heterogeneous but also globally distributed (SOA) …
Web of Things
Web of Software and Services
Web 3.0: Web of Knowledge
Web 2.0: Web of Humans
SOA X Y F @
Web 1.0:
Web of Information
Web 4.0: Web of Intelligence

6. IaaS: Infrastructure-
… or some parts of the system may run
within huge data centers (Cloud Computing)…
Data Center
Data Center
IaaS: Infrastructure-
as-a-Service

7. … and some parts of the system may be placed into mobile terminals under supervision of various mobile ecosystems…

8. … also various systems should enable integrating them to a more complex business logic with other systems

9. …and there should be an easy way to design, use, administrate and reconfigure the system …
Administrator
System
Maintenance
Engineer
System Architect
User

10. … and the system in many cases should be able to reconfigure and manage itself (i.e. autonomic, proactive, self-managed)…

11. … and semantics is needed !
Agents are needed !
… and semantics is needed !
Adding a “virtual representative” to every resource solves the global interoperability problem. Intelligent agent (a kind of “software robot”) will act, communicate and collaborate on behalf of each Web resource
Semantic connector
Semantic communication
Semantic SOA business logic

12. Proactive Self-Managed Semantic Web of Everything
GUN Concept (Industrial Ontologies Group)
GUN – Global Understanding eNvironment
GUN =
Global Environment +
Global Understanding
Proactive Self-Managed Semantic Web of Everything

13. Software-to-Software
Global Understanding Environment (GUN)
GUN can be considered as a kind of Ubiquitous Eco-System for Ubiquitous Society, which will be such proactive, self-managed evolutionary Semantic Web of Things, People and Abstractions where all kinds of entities can understand, interact, serve, develop and learn from each other.
Human-to-Human
Human-to-Machine
Machine-to-Human
Machine-to-Machine
Agent-to-Agent
Software-to-Human
Software-to-Machine
Software-to-Software
Human-to-Software …

14. ψ-Projection of GUN-Related Research
PS I - projection: S
Proactivity (agent technologies, Distributed AI, MAS, …)
Semantics (Semantic Web, Semantic Technologies, …)
Services (SaaS, SOA, SWS, Cloud Computing, …)
Intelligence (machine learning, data mining, knowledge discovery, pattern recognition, NLP, …)

15. What is Semantic Web ?
The Semantic Web is an evolving development of the World Wide Web in which the meaning (semantics) of information and services published on the Web and their inter-relationships are explicitly defined, making it possible for the Web-based software tools, agents, applications and systems to discover, extract and “understand” Web information resources and capabilities and automatically utilize it.
Semantic Technologies are designed to standardize and support interoperability and integration of information content and capabilities (services) of Web-based systems and components at local and global scale.
As a software technology, semantic technology encodes meanings separately from data and from application code to enable machines to understand, share and reason with them at execution time.

16. Why Semantic Web? (Ora Lassila)
“Semantic Web is about to reach its full potential and it would be too costly for companies not to invest to it…”
(Ora Lassila, Nokia Research Center (Boston), IASW-2005, Jyvaskyla)

17. What is Agent ?

18. Why Agents ? Growing complexity of computer systems and networks
Distributed nature of systems (data, software, users, etc.)
Ubiquitous computing, “Internet of Things” scalability challenges
Need for self-manageability of a complex system
Need for new software development paradigms in designing distributed systems
Agent-based approach meets the above challenges

19. What is Service-Oriented Architecture ?
SOA is the practice of sequestering the core business functions into independent services that don’t change frequently. SOA is a tool for software (as a service) integration. Rather than defining an API, SOA defines the interface to remote Web-based services in terms of protocols and functionality.
SOA
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a means of designing and building software.  It is a manufacturing model.
Software as a Service (SaaS) is a means of receiving software through an external party to your business similar to telephone or power utilities. It is a sales and distribution model.
[J Natoli, Intel]

20. Why Service-Oriented Architecture ?
SOA has many advantages:
Ability to couple or decouple functionality without impacting other parts of the system and architecture.
Processes can be orchestrated in a consistent and clear manner.

21. Proactive Web-Services: adding an agent to service platform – allows agent-based S2S communication
Common ontology
Goal-driven behavior
Web-Service
Service Platform
Service Agent

22. UBIWARE Project – direction towards GUN
"Smart Semantic Middleware
for Ubiquitous Computing"
Due to heterogeneity of provided services and supported components, UBIWARE is based on integration of several technologies: Semantic Web, Distributed Artificial Intelligence and Agent Technologies, Ubiquitous Computing, SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture), Web X.0, and related concepts.
The research and design on UBIWARE is started by Industrial Ontologies Group within UBIWARE project: “Smart Semantic Middleware for Ubiquitous Computing” (June 2007 – December 2010) funded by Tekes and industrial companies.
Project web page:
UbiRoad is an idea to apply GUN vision and UBIWARE to “Smart Traffic” domain

23. What is UBIWARE (in short)
UBIWARE is a new software technology and a tool to support:
design and installation of…,
autonomic operation of… and
Interoperability among…
… complex, heterogeneous, open, dynamic and self-configurable distributed industrial systems;…
… and to provide following services for system components:
adaptation;
automation;
centralized or P2P organization;
coordination, collaboration, interoperability and negotiation;
self-awareness, communication and observation;
data and process integration;
(semantic) discovery, sharing and reuse.
URL:

24. Ontology Current UBIWARE Agent Architecture
S-APL
S-APL – Semantic Agent Programming Language (RDF-based)
S-APL – is a hybrid of semantics (metadata / ontologies/ rules) specification languages, semantic reasoners, and agent programming languages. It integrates the semantic description of domain resources with the semantic prescription of the agents' behaviors
Ontology

25. Semantic Adapters for “Cooperative Traffic”
Driver
Car
S-APL
OWL
Smart Road
Universal reusable semantically-configurable adapters

26. Semantic Behaviors for “Cooperative Traffic”
Role “Driver”
Role “Car”
S-APL
OWL
Role “Smart Road”
Universal reusable semantically-configurable behaviors

27. Semantic Scenarios for “Cooperative Traffic”
“Crossroad # 3”
S-APL
OWL
Scenario
“Crossroad # 97”
Universal reusable semantically-configurable scenarios for collaborative driving

28. Resource Maintenance Lifecycle and Semantic History Collection
Resource history
collection
Condition Monitoring
States
Symptoms
Fault detection,
alarms
Measurement
Predictive Measurement
Predictive Monitoring
Data Warehousing
Conditions Warehousing
History
S-APL
Resource
Diagnostics
Diagnoses Warehousing
Predictive Maintenance
Predictive Diagnostics
Maintenance
Plan Warehousing
Fault
identification,
localization
Fault
isolation
Maintenance Planning
Maintenance Plan
Diagnoses

29. UBIWARE 3.0 (2009-2010) platform (August 2010)
UBIWARE 3.0 supposed to be a platform for creating and executing configurable distributed systems based on generalized and reusable business scenarios, which heterogeneous components (actors) are not predefined but can be selected, replaced and configured in runtime. C C C C C C
SmartComments C

30. UBIWARE Abstract Architecture
Applications
Internal Knowledge
and Capabilities (IK&C)
External Knowledge
and Capabilities (EK&C)
EK&C Components
Ontonuts
IK&C Components
Users and
Admins @
SOA
Ontology
Engine
Interfaces (GUI)
UBIWARE
External
World

31. Traffic & Mobility Ontology (TMO)
Vehicles Ontology
Drivers Ontology
Infrastructure Ontology
Data Sources Ontology
Logistics Ontology
Organizations/Products/Services Ontology
Behavioral Ontology
Monitoring/Diagnostics/Control/Maintenance Ontology
Cooperative Scenarios Ontology
Policy Ontology (security, privacy, safety, economic, skills, demands, environmental, operational, institutional, personal, cultural, etc.)
OWL
TMO
UBIWARE-driven

32. Managing Distributed Data Sources

33. UBIWARE-Driven Traffic Management Systems’ Integration

34. Conclusion
UbiRoad is an idea of UBIWARE-driven tool for semantic management of content and capabilities relevant to dynamic, proactive, and cooperative resources in the domain of traffic management;
The traditional agent technology is extended in UbiRoad by developing tools for semantic declarative programming of the agents, for massive reuse of once generated or designed information, plans and scenarios, for agent coordination support based on explicit awareness of each other’s actions and plans, and for enabling flexible re-configurable architectures for agents and their platforms applied for smart traffic domain;
UbiRoad can be also used as a “glue” to connect various existing and future platforms, systems, applications, data sources and services operating in traffic management domain.
Contact: Vagan Terziyan ( )

36. Terziyan V. , Kaykova O. , Zhovtobryukh D
Terziyan V., Kaykova O., Zhovtobryukh D., UbiRoad: Semantic Middleware for Context-Aware Smart Road Environments, In: G.O. Bellot, H. Sasaki, M. Ehmann and C. Dini (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (ICIW-2010), May 9-15, 2010, Barcelona, Spain, IEEE CS Press, pp
Extended version is to appear as journal paper:
Terziyan V., Kaykova O., Zhovtobryukh D., UbiRoad: Semantic Middleware for Cooperative Traffic Systems and Services, In: International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems, Vol. 3, No 34, (available in: )