1. Introduction to Digital Image Processing
March 4, 2003
Shreekanth Mandayam
ECE Department
Rowan University

2. Module Overview Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Digital Image Fundamentals
Digital Image Enhancement
Digital Image Segmentation
Digital Image Compression

3. Digital Image Fundamentals
Lecture 1
Digital Image Fundamentals

4. Monochromatic Digital Imagey x
Gray
Level
f(x,y)

5. R+G+B R G B
R+G+B R G B
R+G+B R G B
R+G+B R G B
R+G+B R G B
R+G+B R G B

6. Sampling & Quantization
demos/demo1sampling_and_quantization/demo_sampling.m
Quantization
demos/demo1sampling_and_quantization/demo_quant.m
Digital Image Processing
Course Nos (Senior Elective) and (Graduate) Fall 2003
Previous Offering:

7. Fundamental Steps* Knowledge Base Preprocessing
(Enhancement & Restoration)
Representation &
Description
Segmentation
Problem
Domain
Knowledge
Base
Image
Acquisition
Recognition &
Interpretation
Result
*Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley, 1992

8. Digital Image Enhancement

9. Point Processing (Intensity Transformation)
s(x,y) = T{ r(x,y)}
Transformed
Gray Level
Original
Gray Level
Transformation
Function
>>imadjdemo
>>imadjust

10. Point Processing Pixel Operations Point processing
Histogram equalization
Connectivity
individual pixels
all pixels
neighboring pixels

11. Point Processing >>imadjdemo >>imadjust g L-1 s2 s s s1 r
L-1
L-1 s2 s g s s1 r r r1 r2
L-1
>>imadjdemo
>>imadjust

12. Image Histogram
>>imadjdemo
>>imhist

13. Histogram Equalization (Balancing)
>>imadjdemo
>>histeq

14. Fundamental Steps* Knowledge Base Preprocessing
(Enhancement & Restoration)
Representation &
Description
Segmentation
Problem
Domain
Knowledge
Base
Image
Acquisition
Recognition &
Interpretation
Result
*Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley, 1992

15. Digital Image Segmentation

16. Spatial Filtering (Masking)
Portion of
a digital image
Mask z1 z2 z3 z4 z5 z6 z7 z8 z9 w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8 w9
Replace
with R
= w1z1 + w2z2 + ….. +w9z9

17. Edge Detection Sobel Masks -1 -2 1 2 -1 1 -2 2 >>edgedemo1 2 -1 1 -2 2
>>edgedemo
>>edge
demos/demo2spatial_filtering/edgegradientdemo.m

18. Fundamental Steps* Knowledge Base Preprocessing
(Enhancement & Restoration)
Representation &
Description
Segmentation
Problem
Domain
Knowledge
Base
Image
Acquisition
Recognition &
Interpretation
Result
*Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Addison-Wesley, 1992

19. Digital Image Compression

20. Discrete Cosine Transform
Information Concentration
Data Compaction
Feature Extraction
Discrete Cosine Transform
>>dctdemo

21. JPEG Compression Standard
Compute
DCT
F(u,v)
Level
Shift
Reorder to form
1-D Sequence
f(x,y)
Normalize
Compute
DC Coefficient
Compute
AC Coefficients

22. Summary Digital Image Processing
Course Nos (Senior Elective) and (Graduate) Fall 2003
Previous Offering: