1. Group 11 Pekka Nikula Ossi Hämäläinen Introduction to Parallel Computing Kentucky Linux Athlon Testbed 2 http://aggregate.org/KLAT2/

3. KLAT 2 64 + 2 "hot spare" PC nodes, each containing: –One 700MHz AMD Athlon Slot A module and dual-fan heat sink –128MB CAS2 PC100 SDRAM –FIC SD11 motherboard –Four RealTek-based Fast Ethernet NICs –Floppy drive (for net boot code) –300W power supply and mid-tower case with extra fan 10 Fast Ethernet "32 way" switches (31 ports + 1 uplink) More than 264 Cat5 Fast Ethernet cables

4. Software RedHat Linux 6.0 with 2.2.14 kernel LAM MPI 6.3.3b1 (with Flat Neighborhood patch) Egcs 2.91.66, G77 0.5.24-19981002, and our 3DNow! SWAR support ScaLAPACK 1.6 BLACS 1.1 ATLAS 3.0beta (with 3DNow! code inserted by hand)

5. Beowolf commodity hardware components running a free-software operating system interconnected by a private high-speed network consists of a cluster of PCs or workstations dedicated to running high-performance computing tasks cluster computers don't sit on people's desks usually connected to the outside world through only a single node built for speed not reliability

6. Performance (1999 top500.org 150th) (June 2000 top500.org 197th) Theoretical –32-bit - 179 GFLOPS –80/64-bit - 89 GFLOPS ScaLAPACK –32-bit - over 64 GFLOPS (3DNow! optimized BLAS) –80/64-bit - 22.8 GFLOPS distributed.net over 150M RC5 keys/s.

7. FNN (Flat Neigborhood Networks) The idea is to share at least one switch with each PC, all PC:s do not have to share the same switch.

8. KLAT2 FNN Wiring diagram

9. 66 Donated 700MHz Athlon OEM processor modules @ ~$200$13,200 66 128MB PC100 CAS2 SDRAMs @ $93$6,182 66 Polaris II ATX Mid Towers 300W @ $58 66 Sony 1.44MB Floppy Drives (for net boot) @ $11 $5,455 66 FIC SD11 Motherboards @ $104 10 Smartlink 32-port wire-speed 100Mb/s switches @ $527 28 Smartlink 100Mb/s NIC 10-packs @ $80 $14,338 32 Hawking 15' color-coded Cat.5 cable 5-packs @ $9 32 Hawking 15' transparent color-coded Cat.5e cable 5-packs @ $12 $706 66 AMD K7/PII Dual Fans (CPU heat sinks & fans) @ $5 66 DC Fans 80mm (extra case fans) @ $4 $607 4 48"x18"x72" black wire-frame shelves @ $64$256 2 WindDance fans (to direct airflow between shelves) @ $15 20 Surgestrip model 201 surge protectors @ $4 $109 16 3" diameter threaded-mount wheels for shelves @ $9 16 Pizzas for student helpers @ $10 4 Cases of soda student helpers @ $7 4 2" diameter threaded-mount wheels for rack @ $7 $352 Available at no cost/indirectly used items 1 10-year-old rack & mounting hardware 1 Surplus 17" monitor used for cluster status 1 Old PCI video card used for cluster status 1 18GB EIDE disk drive 66 Set of inkjet-printed labels for each node 2 Other clusters for KLAT2's HW design and SW development

10. Total cost $41,205 Cost per GFLOPS ~$650

11. Scalability Memory can be added up to 768MB Hard drives can be added To add more nodes, the network must be reconstructed Other resources can be used through the uplink switch (file servers, OPUS 6,400x4,800 pixel video wall etc.)