1. Mother Board
MOTHER BOARD
Holds CPU, memory, PCI bays, etc

2. MOTHER BOARD Modern motherboards include, at a minimum: Mother Board
Sockets in which one or more processors are installed
Slots into which the system's main memory is installed (typically in the form of DIMM modules containing DRAM chips)
A chipset which forms an interface between the CPU's front-side bus, main memory, and peripheral buses
Non-volatile memory chips (usually Flash ROM in modern motherboards) containing the system's firmware or BIOS
A clock generator which produces the system clock signal to synchronize the various components
Slots for expansion cards (these interface to the system via the buses supported by the chipset)
Power connectors, which receive electrical power from the computer power supply and distribute it to the CPU, chipset, main memory, and expansion cards

3. MOTHER BOARD Mother Board
Connectors to support commonly-used input devices, such as PS/2 connectors for a mouse and keyboard.
Minimal peripheral support on the motherboard. Typically video and network interface hardware is also integrated into the motherboard
I/O ports like Serial, Parallel and USB and their associated driver chips
Disk controller, typically SATA disk controller, for Hard Disk and CD/DVD Drives
Given the high thermal design power of high-speed computer CPUs and components, modern motherboards nearly always include heat sinks and mounting points for fans to dissipate excess heat.

4. CD/DVD Drive CD (Compact Disk) DVD (Digital Video Disk) Blu Ray CD/DVD
Capacity is 700 to 800 MB
Optical storage device. Data is read from CD by a laser.
Stores data as light and dark spots on the disk surface.
They have an unlimited life-span.
RO, R & RW CDs
I/O Rate is Nx where 1x is 150KB/s, Read & Write speeds are not same, upto 52x speeds available
DVD  (Digital Video Disk)
4.7 GB
RO, R & RW DVDs
I/O Rate is Nx where 1x is 1.35MB/s, Read & Write speeds are not same, upto 20x speeds available
Blu Ray
Upto 50 GB
User Blue Laser

5. QUESTIONS?

6. Adaptors (Expansion Cards)
Adapters
Adaptors (Expansion Cards)
Use PCI Bus - Peripheral Components Interconnect (32 /64bit, Data Transfer Rate: 133 MB/s)
Mini PCI – used in laptops, 32 Bit, 33 MHz
PCI Express – Replacing PCI, 32/64 Bit, Data Transfer Rate: 8 GB/s
Adapters (Often Integrated on Motherboard)
Video
Sound
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Modem
TV Tuner

7. Power Supply SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply)
AC mains input is converted to DC voltage which feeds the Motherboard, drives and other devices.
ATX (Advanced Technology Extended)
Generally watts

8. DISPAY CRT ( Cathode Ray Tube) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
Electron Gun & Florescent Screen
Single Gun for Monochrome and 3 Guns for Colour Screen
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
About blocking light when not needed
TFT LCD (Thin Film Transistor LCD)
19” in Desktop and 15” in Laptops
Power Consumption
CRT – 110 watt
LCD – watt
Colour Depth: 65,000 colours, million colours
Resolution: 1024x768, 1280x1024, x1200

9. KEYBOARD 101-key Enhanced keyboard
104-key Windows keyboard, 3 more keys.
Press the Key - Detect the position on the key matrix (16 bytes)

10. MOUSE Mechanical Optical IntelliMouse
Use two rollers (one vertical and one horizontal) to track motion
Rolled by the Track ball
Optical
Use a tiny camera to tracking the motion
LED (red light beamer)
IntelliMouse
Extra wheel

11. QUESTIONS?

12. NIC
Network Interface
10/100 or 10/100/1000 Integrated Ethernet Network Interface
Servers may have multiple Network Interfaces
a/b/g/n Wireless Interface in Laptops in addition to wired Ethernet Network Interface

13. I/O Ports Serial port (Com port) Parallel port
One bit at a time -- Uses thin cable
Parallel port
Parallel because it can move a whole byte at a time
Mainly used for connection to a printer
Universal Serial Bus (USB) replaces those
4 wires (2 for power & 2 for communication)
Upto 60 MB/s
USB Pen Drives, Printers, External Disks, Drives etc.

14. Printers Peripheral for printing LaserJet (Mono & Colour)
Inkjet (Colour)
Dot Matrix
Line
Multifunction Printers

15. BIOS BIOS is an acronym that stands for Basic Input/Output System.
BIOS refers, in part, to the firmware code (a type of boot loader) run by a PC when first powered on.
The primary function of the BIOS is to identify and initialize system component hardware such as the video display card, hard disk, and floppy disk and some other hardware devices.
This is to prepare the machine into a known low capability state, so other software programs stored on various media can be loaded, executed, and given control of the PC.
BIOS Setup allows to set the boot sequence and system date and time among other things.

16. Computer Assembly
Computer Assembly
In India Computers are assembled in factory although all the major components like the motherboard, CPU, Hard Disk, RAM DIMMs, CD/DVD Drives, Keyboard, Mouse, TFT Displays etc. are all imported.
The computer system is run through a process of Quality assurance which includes a burn test and functional testing.
The Operating system may be preloaded or reloaded by the customer.

17. Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Some of the typical problems faced in Computers which could be related to hardware issues are:
No power in the system
System not booting
System boots with beep sounds
System Reboots repeatedly
System has a humming sound
System boots with a blue screen
System displays non system boot disk message when booted
System does not boot with a CD/DVD disk
Monitor does not receive signal from the computer
To troubleshoot a problem, experience is commonly used to generate possible causes of the symptoms. Determining which cause is most likely is often a process of elimination - eliminating potential causes of a problem.

18. QUESTIONS?