1. Document Layout

2. Creating Whitespace2 n Horizontal space –Within line of text –Netscape – – –If no room, will shorten the space to fit on current line

3. Creating Whitespace3 n Vertical space –Netscape – –

4. Creating Whitespace4 n Blocks of space North North West West <spacer type=block width=60 height=60 align=absmiddle> East East South</center>

5. Creating Whitespace5 n Simulating the -tag –1  1 transparent gif image –For, use –For, use –For, use <br> <br>

6. Creating Whitespace6 n Multicolumn layout –Netscape – – n Can be nested –Gutter n Space between columns n n –Width attribute

7. Creating Whitespace7 Layers n HTML 4 n Currently, only Netscape Communicator supports this n Mimics many overlaid sheets of clear plastic –Each layer is a separate entity, taking a fixed amount of space, which can be smaller than browser window –Can control visibility –Can control their position via scripting

8. Creating Whitespace8 Layers n Out-flow layers –Positioned where user wants – … – … n In-flow layers –Offset from last HTML tag or text – … – …

9. Creating Whitespace9 Layers n Attributes –above = –above = n Indicates that current layer is above the specified layer –background = –background = n Background image to be displayed in layer –below = –below = n Indicates that current layer is below the specified layer

10. Creating Whitespace10 Layers n Attributes –bgcolor = –bgcolor = n Hex numbers for red, green, blue n Specifies background color –clip = –clip = n Specifies left-top and bottom-right coordinates for within layer clip rectangle, relative to the layer –left = (right = ) n Specifies number of pixels from left side of browser window to left edge of layer n For, this is the offset from previous HTML tag or text

11. Creating Whitespace11 Layers n Attributes –name = –name = n Name of layer –top = (bottom = ) n Specifies number of pixels from top of browser window to top edge of layer n For, this is the offset from previous HTML tag or text

12. Creating Whitespace12 Layers n Attributes –visibility = –visibility = n For show, layer is visible n For hide, layer is invisible n For inherit, layer takes visibility attribute of its parent –width = (height = ) n Width of layer in pixels

13. Creating Whitespace13 Layers n Attributes –z-index = –z-index = n Layers with higher z-index values are put on top of layers with lower z-index values