1. BA471 Management Information Systems Operating Systems and Application Software

2. Operating Systems  What do Operating Systems do? Perform hardware functions Manage I/O Use and monitor memory Initiate, terminate, monitor processing Provide network functions Control access Manage files

3. Operating Systems - analogy TRAFFIC COP “Tessekkuler” means “Thank you.” NIGHT WATCHMAN TRANSLATOR

4. Operating System  Who’s on first? ALU CONTROL UNIT REGISTER MEMORY Operating System Application Software

5. Operating Systems  Famous Operating Systems MVS (OS/390) Unix (AIX, Solaris) Linux Windows Mac OS

6. Operating Systems  Compilers convert software (including OS’s) into machine language (0,1) Note: It’s a one-way process. Source Code Compile Machine Language

7. Operating Systems  Other OS Capabilities User Interface  Commands  GUI Multi-tasking Time-sharing Scalability: The ability of a system to handle more or less demand, more or fewer users; also a product selling point – able to expand or contract to accommodate growing configuration.

8.  A set of conventions governing the treatment and especially the formatting of data in an electronic communications system.

9. Operating Systems  Other OS Capabilities File Management  Retrieve from secondary storage  Manage sharing among users  Naming conventions  Restrict/authorize access to files

10. Operating Systems  Platforms Personal Workgroup Enterprise

11. Operating Systems - Utilities  Utility Programs Check status of operations, hardware Compress files, optimize space usage Monitor performance / error-checking Perform back-ups

12. Application Software  What is it? Application software enables the power of computers to give organizations, companies, workgroups or individuals the ability to solve problems or perform tasks / work.

13. Application Software  “I need application software that …” Proprietary (home-grown, in-house) COTS (commercial off-the-shelf) ASP

14. Application Software ProsCons Proprietary Get what you wantTakes a long time; expensive Modifications can be accommodated Requires specialized skills Not "acquisition-friendly" COTS Lower cost - since product development shared by many Pay for customer-specific features "Basic" business needs likely met Business process needs to be changed ASP "Hands-off" applicationAll eggs in one basket "Basic" business needs likely met Customization unlikely Vendor management requiredSensitive info in "their" control

15. Application Software  Enterprise “Solutions” ERP’s – integrated programs that enable vital business processes for entire organization GIS File Management/ Knowledge Management

16. Application Software  Languages Keyword, symbols, structure, syntax Statements constructed so that computers can do what we want  Code = set of instructions, directing computer to respond to binary input

17. Application Software  Generations of Languages Machine language (1GL) Assembler (2GL) COBOL (3GL) Essbase, Focus, SAS (4GL)  The next frontier … Fifth Generation  Pseudo code

18. Application Software  Which one? What to consider? Hardware/OS platform Maintainability  Available skillset  Difficulty  Future platforms

19. Application Software  “Bugs” = Defect; Results: Immediate termination Gradual accumulation of errors 5 – 15 bugs in every 1,000 LOC  What causes them? Rush to market / competition Invisibility

20. Application Software  “Personal Productivity” software MS Office Financial Taxes Project Mgmt Graphics