1. The Dick and Carey Model
An Instructional Systems Design Model

2. Who Are Dick & Carey?
Walter Dick: Studied with Robert Gagne. Emeritus Professor at Florida State University.
Lou Carey: Studied with Walter Dick and Robert Gagne. University of South Florida Professor and Interim Dean.

3. Dick & Carey Model
“Performance-oriented model, stressing the identification of skills students need to learn and the collection of data from students to revise instruction”
Based on the reductionist perspective, which emphasizes breaking instruction down into smaller components.
Focuses on the skills, knowledge, attitudes that need to be learned and provides the right learning conditions for the outcomes.
“Based on the idea that there is a predictable and reliable link between a stimulus (instructional materials) and the response that it produces in a learner (learning of materials).”

4. Dick & Carey, Past and Present
First Edition, 1978: Very traditional ISD approach, with emphasis on behavioral theory and some cognitivist theories.
Second Edition, 1996: Still traditional, reflects an attempt to incorporate changes in the field, such as shifts toward constructivism, growth in computers, etc.

5. Dick & Carey Model Conduct Instructional analysis Revise Instruction
Develop
Assessment
instruments
Develop and
Select
Instructional
materials
Assess needs to
Identify goals
Write
Performance
Objectives
Develop
Instructional
strategy
Design and
Conduct
Formative
Evaluation of
instruction
Analyze learners
And contexts
Design and
Conduct
Summative
evaluation

6. Shell Island Simulation
Contexts for Dick & Carey Model seem to endless.
Shell Island is a good example of how modify the traditional ISD approach with constructivist goals.
Part of a reform project by Carolina Coastal Science project with a goal to create an online environment for primary and secondary students to engage in authentic scientific inquiry.

7. Shell Island Dilemma
Students investigate the fate of the Shell Island Resort through the resources available on NCS website.
After considering the scientific, social, political issues, they engage in a debate over its future.

8. Shell Island D&C Model 1 Determining Instructional Goals
Determined out of a lack of good environmental science curricular and inquiry-based simulations in North Carolina secondary schools.
Instructional goal is for learners to be able to identify the scientific, social, political, and moral issues that “different stakeholders must deal with in a current environmental science issue.”
Analyzing the Instructional Goal
Students identify environmental and economic concerns of stakeholders.
Students take a position for or against building a hard structure to protect the Shell Island Resort.

9. Shell Island D&C Model 2 Analyze Learners and Context
Use technology skills and critical thinking skills to explore online resources and construct a logical argument for unresolved issue.
Use decision-making skills to act on personal and social interests.
Write Performance Objectives
Students will list the 3 strongest arguments for and against building a hard structure to protect Resort.
Students will identify individuals for and against.
Students will prepare statement for next course of action.

10. Shell Island D&C Model 3 Developing Assessment Instruments
Students complete a “Position Statement Handout” designed to assess stated objectives for an in class debate.
Students complete a “Student Record Sheet Assessment” at the conclusion of debate.
Developing Instructional Strategy
Terminal Objectives:
Design role-playing activity
Select unresolved issue
Collect background info
Develop real-life scenario
Identify roles of real people (stakeholders)
Develop student roles
Select Debate format with time limits

11. Shell Island D&C Model 4 Developing and Selecting Instruction
Materials are developed in the context of “The Shell Island Dilemma” web site, with many resources for students
Educator’s Guide is provided, recommending teaching strategies and assesments
Designing and Conducting Formative Evaluation
Included a small group of primary and secondary school educators enrolled in a ET graduate course.
They made recommendations to modify program

12. Shell Island D&C Model 5 Revising Instruction
Upon recommendations by group:
Specific descriptions of stakeholders were developed.
“Student Record Sheet Assessment”’ was developed.
Debate simulation was tested on 10th grade environmental science class.
“Position Statement Handout” was created.
Conducting Summative Evalution
Conducted by marine education specialist, a coastal geologist, a university professor with C&I expertise, and two secondary school environmental science teachers.
No further recommendations were made.

13. Dick & Carey Model Advantages Disadvantages
Can be applied in almost any context.
Can adjust well for changes in theory or technology.
Has been around a long time.
Disadvantages
Learning is non-linear.
Presumes that learning is predictable and reliable.
Does not allow for mistakes.

14. References
Carey, L. & Dick, W. (1996). The Systematic Design of Instruction. Longman; New York, NY.
Bodzin, A.M. & Park, J.C. (1999). An Online Inquiry Instructional System for Environmental Issues. Meridian: 2(2). Retrieved 09/25/07.
Dempsey, J.V. & Reiser, R.A. (2007). Trends and Issues in Instructional Design and Technology. Pearson; Upper Saddle River, NJ.
McGriff, S.J. (2001). ISD Knowledge Base/ Instructional Systems Design Models/ Dick & Carey. Retrieved 09/25/07.
Reiber, L. Retrieved 09/25/07.