1. Formaldehyde columns over Europe as a proxy for biogenic emissions Università degli Studi dell’Aquila – CETEMPS L’Aquila, ITALY http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/ 2 nd GEOS-CHEM USERS’ MEETING Harvard University, April 4-6, 2005 U. L’AquilaCETEMPS Gabriele Curci P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin

2. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 2 of 12 OUTLINE European Biogenic Emissions Formaldehyde column over Europe as seen by GOME and GEOS-CHEM Inverting the GOME HCHO column for Isoprene emissions Conclusions and Outlook

3. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 3 of 12 EUROPE FACTSHEET Only continent where ANTHRO > BIO emissions 7% world area 33% forest 43% agriculture 24% other 13% population (680 mil.) 30% CO 2 emissions 20% NO x and VOC 40 countries Heavily man-shaped Mediterranean Continental Cold-Arctic [Simpson et al., JGR 1999]

4. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 4 of 12 EUROPEAN BIOGENIC EMISSIONS Biogenic emission inventories highly uncertain: up to a factor of 5! Many countries Few observations Different flora and fauna with respect to North America Unimportant on a global scale (7% area) Local importance: Mediterranean, East, Scandinavia Bio VOCs + anthro NO x : emission abatement strategies NMVOC: 13 Tg yr -1 NOx: 140-1500 Tg yr -1 [Simpson et al., JGR 1995] GEIA Emissions GEOS-CHEM Isoprene Column in Summer

5. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 5 of 12 INVERTING HCHO COLUMN FOR ISOPRENE EMISSIONS Exploit the fast oxidation of isoprene to mark source regions looking at its product formaldehyde (HCHO) GOME HCHO column 340x40 km 2 res. global coverage 3 days GOME “slant” column GEOS-CHEM CTM model GOME vertical column Air Mass Factor GOME isoprene inventory E ISOPRENE HCHO col. [Palmer et al., 2001, 2003]

6. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 6 of 12 WHAT CONTROLS HCHO COLUMN IN EUROPE? GEOS-CHEM HCHO Column in Summer BIOGENIC CONTROL NO ISOP NO ANTHRO / Biogenic control of HCHO column: Eastern Europe Northern Europe Iberian Peninsula Turkey (GEIA Emissions) 0.41.21 ANTHROPOGENIC CONTROL v7-01-02

7. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 7 of 12 NO CLEAR BIOGENIC SIGNATURE IN GOME HCHO VERTICAL COLUMN AS IN THE GEOS-CHEM MODEL GOMEGEOS-CHEM JUL 97 r = 0.50 AUG 97 r = 0.46

8. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 8 of 12 GOME HCHO COLUMN IS QUALITATIVELY CONSISTENT WITH THE UPDATED MEGAN BIOGENIC INVENTORY GOME HCHO - July 1997 MEGAN Isoprene Emissions July 2000 [Guenther et al.] GEOS-CHEM (GEIA) Isoprene Emissions - July 1997

9. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 9 of 12 HCHO/NO2 COLUMN RATIO SHOWS ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS INFLUENCE NOx-satNOx-sens Also following indications by Martin et al., [2003]: GOME HCHO column could be used as a proxy for isoprene emissions on Eastern Europe GOME HCHO and NO2 data: P. Palmer, M. Fu, R. Martin, K. Chance, T. Kurosu

10. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 10 of 12 ISOPRENE EMISSIONS FROM GOME OVER EASTERN EUROPE - JULY 1997 GOME Isoprene Emissions Formaldehyde Column non-isoprene contribution GEOS-CHEM Relationship Isoprene Emissions and HCHO Column from the model 0.4 Tg C 0.2 Tg C

11. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 11 of 12 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK Formaldehyde column from GEOS-CHEM is consistent with GOME over South and East Europe Use of GOME data as constraint on European biogenic emissions is limited to East Europe To do next: –Comparison with campaign data (MINOS, FORMAT) –Asses contribution of biomass burning over Greece and South Italy –Seasonal cycle

12. GOME HCHO and biogenic emissions in Europe Gabriele Curci, U. L’Aquila - CETEMPS 12 of 12 GEOS-CHEM PROVIDE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS TO CHIMERE REGIONAL MODEL CHIMERE web site: euler.lmd.polytechnique.fr/chimere/ CHIMERE @ U. L’Aquila: pumpkin.aquila.infn.it/forechem/ Regional CTM driven by MM5 meteorological model developed in Paris (IPSL, LISA, INERIS) BC from GEOS-CHEM can be used to account for transboundary pollution CHIMERE grid [Vautard et al.]

13. Gabriele Curci http://www.aquila.infn.it/people/Gabriele.Curci.html/ Università degli Studi dell’Aquila – CETEMPS L’Aquila, ITALY http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it/ U. L’AquilaCETEMPS THE END Thanks for the attention!