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Assistive Technology Tools for Struggling Writers
“We must not, in trying to think about how we can make a big difference, ignore the small daily differences we can make.” Marian Wright Edelman Carol Leynse Harpold, MS, OTR/L, ATP
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AT Tools for Struggling Writers
Overview of AT Writing Solutions for High Incidence Populations Mechanical writing problems Written composition challenges Evidence based practices
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AT Writing Tools Continuum
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Writing accommodations
Reducing the written demands: Circling/stamping answers Multiple choice Highlighting answers Using a scribe Filling in the blanks (cloze procedure)
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Low Technology Writing Tools
Tools for the Mechanics of Writing Pencils, markers, pens of different diameters, types of ink or lead Grippers that enlarge or change standard writing tools or types of writing tools
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Low Technology Tools Adaptive Paper Commercially purchased paper
Raised line paper Cursive ruled notebook paper Custom created paper Create lined paper with tables in Word Earth paper Grayline paper
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Low Technology Tools Internet Handwriting Paper Resources
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Low Technology Tools Adaptive Notebooks & Agendas Coil Notebooks
with special lined paper Modified agendas to reduce writing demands
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Low Technology Tools Seating and Positioning Tools
Chairs, cushions, backrests Clipboards Easels Acrylic easels Four inch binders
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Low Technology Tools Low Tech Alternatives to Writing
Stamps for writing Name Letter or number stamps Labels with pre-printed words Using bingo markers or circling multiple choice selections
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Low Technology Tools Tools for the Mechanics of Writing Finger spacers
Spacemen Handwriting guides
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Low Technology Tools Tools for Word Choice or Spelling Word wall
Word lists Word/picture dictionaries
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Low Technology Tools Supports for Writing Organization
Paper Graphic organizers/concept mapping Research on use of tools for planning and organizing composition by students with LD indicated visual graphic mapping enhanced writing outcomes (2007, Peterson-Karlan, Parette)
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Low Technology Tools Supports for Written Organization & Note Taking
Sticky notes with lines Sticky flags Highlighting tape Regular or Erasable markers
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Low Technology Tools Supports for Composition
Sentence starters/writing prompts/writing ring Pictures for background knowledge Fusion has writing prompts available
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Portable, battery operated devices to support the mechanical and composition writing process
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Mid tech tools for mechanics of writing Label Makers Brother PT-1280 Label Maker
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Handheld Spell Checkers Spell checkers Phonetic based (flex spelling) Non-phonetic based With and without text to speech Research on use of spell checkers found that they assisted in the editing process (Peterson-Karlan & Parette, 2007): Helpful when used in conjunction with proof reading strategies. Spell checker with TTS output were needed Select spell checkers with phonemic spell check Teach students to strategically use a spell checker
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Low Technology Tools Supports for Process of Writing
Checklist for strategy instruction
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Spell Checking Strategies Assess for developmental spelling level Teaching spell checking strategies Computer Based Study Strategies CHECK strategy (Ashton) Spell checking strategy
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
The CHECK Strategy Check Check the beginning sound of the word. What other letter(s) could make that beginning sound? Hunt Hunt for the correct consonants. Have you included all the consonants in the rest of the word? Examine Examine the vowels. What other vowel(s) could make the same sound(s)? Changes Changes in suggested word lists may give hints. What words are being suggested? Is that the one you're looking for? Keep Keep repeating steps one through four. Need help? Try dictionaries and asking others for assistance.
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Handheld Dictionaries and Thesauruses Franklin Dictionaries & Reading Pen Handheld Thesauruses
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Portable Word Processors for Written Composition Alphasmart / Neo, Fusion, Dana Research indicates students with adequate computer literacy demonstrated increased composition length with word processing when compared to handwriting (Peterson-Karlan & Parette, 2007).
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Portable Word Processors with Text to Speech for Written Composition Dana, Fusion Research indicates students with adequate computer literacy demonstrated increased composition length with word processing when compared to handwriting (Peterson-Karlan & Parette, 2007). Word processing is an effective instructional tool for low achieving writers (Graham & Perin, 2007) Word processing with speech output allowed students to detect errors when revising their writing.
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Word Prediction for Mid Tech Tools Co:Writer Smart Applelet for Neo or AlphaSmart WordStorm™ -Word Prediction Program for Fusion
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Word Prediction for Mid Tech Tools Research shows that word prediction used with text to speech capabilities when word processing can increase spelling accuracy and word legibility Word prediction can improve written composition length but not speed when word processing (Peterson-Karlan & Parette, 2007)
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Portable Word Processor Utility Software Get Utility Software Allows uploading text documents to portable word processor for AlphaSmart and Neo Tutorials for AlphaSmart/Neo/Co:Writer Applelet:
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Electronic Writing Pens Fly Fusion Pen Writing, note taking pen Performs math, scheduler, MP3 player, upload notes to computer, reads handwriting Pulse Smart Pen LiveScribe New Echo currently is available Handwriting recognition also available
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Electronic Writing Pens Fly World/Livescribe desktop software
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Mid Tech AT Writing Tools
Digital Voice Recorders Digital/cassette recorders PDA/iPod/iPad Voice memo software readily availble MP3 player Digital recording feature
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High Tech Writing Tools
Computer Based Tools to Support Writing Mechanics Evidence based practices: Text to speech, Phonetic spell checking with text to speech Graphic organizers Word processing
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High Tech Writing Tools
Computer Based Tools to Support Writing Additional Evidence based practices: Speech recognition following adequate instruction showed: fewer mechanical errors (including spelling errors) increased length of compositions increased personal vocabulary use increased complexity of vocabulary as spelling is less likely to interfere positive results with students with reading problems. Content prompts: identify the important components needed ina complete composition, (ie. Introductory sentence, supporting details, concluding sentence, elements necessary for a story, essay as 5 paragraphs, etc.) Procedural prompts: present for generating, selecting, organizing the component elements and ideas with the paln, instructions for how to proceed or questions that the students can use to self-direct or guide the plan )
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High Tech Writing Tools
Computer Based Tools to Support Writing Additional evidence based practices: Supports for planning and organizing components of writing improved student skills in revising and organization: Templates with content components Content prompts Procedural prompts Content prompts: identify the important components needed ina complete composition, (ie. Introductory sentence, supporting details, concluding sentence, elements necessary for a story, essay as 5 paragraphs, etc.) Procedural prompts: present for generating, selecting, organizing the component elements and ideas with the paln, instructions for how to proceed or questions that the students can use to self-direct or guide the plan )
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High Tech Writing Tools
Kidspiration Prewriting and organizing software
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High Tech Writing Tools
Inspiration
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High Tech Writing Tools
DraftBuilder
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High Tech Writing Tools
Pix Writer Word processor with word banks generating graphic supported text
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High Tech Writing Tools
Intellitalk 3 Word processor with text to speech and graphic supported text, switch access Curriculum support materials for DOL, spelling, letter writing, sentence writing, essay writing, Can be modified to increase or decrease the scaffolding needed for students
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High Tech Writing Tools
Intellitalk 3 39
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High Tech Writing Tools
Intellitalk 3 40
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High Tech Writing Tools
Intellitalk 3 41
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High Tech Writing Tools
Intellitalk 3 42
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High Tech Writing Tools
Word Prediction Co-Writer has text to speech, word prediction, abbreviation expansion, word bank Word Q has TTS, word prediction, abbreviation expansion
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High Tech Writing Tools
Talking word processors Write Outloud- word processing program with following features: Text to speech Talking spell checking Allows for content and procedure prompts Talking dictionary Bibliographer Tool to assist with determining homophones Visual and auditory cues for misspelling Teachers can lock text prompts Teacher features allow content and procedural prompts
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High Tech Writing Tools
Write Outloud Teacher features allow content and procedural prompts
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High Tech Writing Tools
Read & Write Gold – scan and read software Text to speech Word prediction Talking spell checker, thesaurus and dictionary Highlight main ideas and create summary Concept mapping and fact gathering tool
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High Tech Writing Tools
Kurzweil - Scan and Read software Text to speech Word prediction Talking spell checker, thesaurus and dictionary Create voice notes within text Highlight main ideas and create notes Concept mapping and column note taking features
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High Tech Writing Tools
Kurzweil
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High Tech Writing Tools
Dragon NaturallySpeaking Speech recognition software Requires time and training for program to learn the students voice Need to use a consistent voice pattern Users much be competence in word processing
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High Tech Writing Tools
Smartboard Notebook Software Interactive whiteboard/presentation software
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High Tech Writing Tools
Note Taking Software One Note
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High Tech Writing Tools
Note Taking Software EverNote
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High Tech Writing Tools
WordTalk is a free plug in for Word
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High Tech Writing Tools
Helpful Tools in Microsoft Word : Text to Speech (2000/2003) (WIN logo + S) Auto text Macros Concept mapping with draw tools Highlighters
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High Tech Writing Tools
Text to Speech Tools WordTalk ( ) Read Please ( ) Natural Reader ( ) CLiCk Speak (for MAC) ( )
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iPad iPad/iPod apps for writing: Concept mapping tools
Dragon Dictation (requires Internet connectivity due to cloud computing) Voice recorders
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Web 2.0 Writing Support Ginger- Spell checking and grammar help
Ghotit- Spell checker for individuals with dyslexia
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Web 2.0 Writing Tool Webspiration – free for individual users
Paper Rater- Assists writer with review and suggestions for improving their compositions
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Web 2.0 Writing Tool Dictionary.com Citation generator
Visual Thesaurus
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High Tech Writing Tools
Dictionaries/Thesauruses
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High Tech Writing Tools
Internet Resources
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Resources AT Resource Guides
Citation Generators
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Dictionaries/ Thesaurus
(Google pictures associated with listing of words alphabetized) Electronic Pens (Fly Fusion Pen)
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http://www.mindomo.com/mindomodemo.php Mindomo
Graphic Organizers Mindomo Bubbl.us Note Taking Portable Word Processors
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Spell Checking Strategies
1pgrspellck CBSS.pdf Study Strategies Writing Prompts Tutorials
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Writing Process/Strategies/ Six Trait
Writing Matrixes References Graham, Steve, and Dolores Perin. Writing Next. Carnegie Corportation of New York. New Your: Alliance for Excellent Education, Peterson-Karlan, George R., and Howard P. Parette. "Supporting Struggling Writers Using Technology: Evidence-Based Instruciton and Decision-Making." TechMatrix. 8 Jan <
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