1. Assistive Technology

2. Assistive technology is a broad term that refers to accommodations for both physical disabilities and cognitive differences.

3. For students with language-based learning disabilities, assistive technology software falls into these categories: Word processing software Word processing software Voice recognition software Voice recognition software Text-to-speech software Text-to-speech software Visual mapping software Visual mapping software

4. – Spelling and grammar support through spell checker. – Templates which provide structure for beginning writers to help organize ideas. Word processing software provides:

5. – Outlines are easily generated and topics can be moved and sorted within the outline. – Keyboarding assists with handwriting difficulties. For many students the mechanics of transcriptionwhether by pencil and paper or by keyboardingare an insurmountable hurdles. For many students the mechanics of transcriptionwhether by pencil and paper or by keyboardingare an insurmountable hurdles.

6. – Word prediction software (Co:Writer 4000) uses spelling knowledge, grammar rules, and context clues to predict what word a student is thinking of as he or she enters the first few letters. Additional software for writing assistance: Additional software for writing assistance: – Integrated writing software - (Read & Write Gold) combines word prediction with text-to-speech software that reads back what has been written so that students can check their work aurally.

7. Voice recognition software Voice recognition software – Reduces spelling problems. – Improves writing fluency. – Use of this software results in more language production. – Improves sentence structure for writers whose oral language is clearer than their written language. Speech-to-text

8. Voice Recognition Software – Students who use voice recognition software do not automatically improve the quality of their writing produce more writing with less effort produce more writing with less effort focus on ideas and organization rather than the mechanics of handwriting, keyboarding, or spelling. focus on ideas and organization rather than the mechanics of handwriting, keyboarding, or spelling. – Voice recognition accomplishes only one stage of the writing processdrafting producing acceptable writing still requires planning, organizing, revising and proofreading producing acceptable writing still requires planning, organizing, revising and proofreading

9. Text-to-speech software

10. – Free software is readily available on PC's in the form of Microsoft Narrator. – Add-on software is available: Kurzweil 3000 Kurzweil 3000 WYNN WYNN Read & Write Gold Read & Write Gold ScreenReader V.4. ScreenReader V.4. CAST eReader CAST eReader

11. Text-to-speech software – Often referred to as screen readers converts text to speech from digitized text - typically a Rich Text Format document (.rtf). converts text to speech from digitized text - typically a Rich Text Format document (.rtf). – Text-to-speech software reads the essay, allowing the writer to hear it and reflect on its content.

12. Text-to-speech software Tools available through Cast eReaders include a free digital book builder for parents and teachers Cast eReaders - example Cast eReaders - example

13. Visual mapping software

14. allows the writer to generate ideas in a visual map, which can be converted to an outline and exported to a word processing file. allows the writer to generate ideas in a visual map, which can be converted to an outline and exported to a word processing file.

15. Visual mapping software allows written concepts generated in the brainstorming stage to be moved and reordered within an outline or a map. allows written concepts generated in the brainstorming stage to be moved and reordered within an outline or a map.

16. Visual mapping software Templates for rhetorical patterns can be created to assist in structuring essays. Templates for rhetorical patterns can be created to assist in structuring essays. Visual maps make the relationships between concepts clear and explicit. Visual maps make the relationships between concepts clear and explicit.

17. Visual mapping software Visual mapping software Software available Software available – Kidspiration - For K-5 grades(30 day free trial) – Inspiration - For 6-12 grades (Free trial available) – Draft:Builder particularly useful to students with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Aspergers who have trouble with organization. particularly useful to students with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Aspergers who have trouble with organization.

18. Assistive Technology How (specifically) the assistive technology would prepare students with disabilities for GenEd classrooms.