1. Electrical and Computer Engineering Team Pishro-Nik and Ni Chris Comack - Simon Tang - Joe Tochka - Madison Wang Cars Against Automobile Accidents 10/9/08 Professor Pishro-Nik Advisor, Assistant Professor, ECE Professor Ni Advisor, Assistant Professor, CEE

2. 2 Electrical and Computer Engineering Background and Motivation  Automobile accidents are both dangerous and costly 42,884 fatalities in the United States in 2003. $625.5 billion dollars in damages in 2005 Everybody is affected Higher prices for goods and services

3. 3 Electrical and Computer Engineering Background and Motivation  Many of these accidents can be prevented. Several technologies and policies aim to deter car accidents Sobriety detectors Curfew against young drivers Drifting monitors

4. 4 Electrical and Computer Engineering Background and Motivation  Previous SDP projects involving accident prevention Accident warning at intersections Required both onboard and roadside units Not very user friendly

5. 5 Electrical and Computer Engineering Background and Motivation  What are other ways to prevent vehicular accidents? Stop driving entirely Only drive when the roads are empty Drive very slowly and hope no one hits you Have more information about what is happening around you How?

6. 6 Electrical and Computer Engineering Background and Motivation  Solution: Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication A system that detects and analyzes what cars around you are doing Gives drivers information directly from other cars as to their speed, acceleration, and location.

7. 7 Electrical and Computer Engineering Requirements  Establish communication between vehicles Transmit/Receive Speed Acceleration Location Status of steering wheel Display data on a screen  System must be scalable Each car must be able to communicate with many other vehicles  System must be expandable Many possibilities on what this system can be used for

8. 8 Electrical and Computer Engineering Requirements  Use DSRC to communicate between vehicles Dedicated Short Range Communication Wireless protocol dedicated to automotive use  Use GPS to determine locations  Use OBD-II to obtain status of vehicle. On Board Diagnostics Speed Acceleration Steering Wheel

9. 9 Electrical and Computer Engineering  Types of global positioning & their accuracy: Standard GPS Differential GPS GPS +Satellite Based Augmentation System(SBAS) Wide Area Augmentation System(WAAS) 100 meters: Accuracy of the original GPS system, which was subject to accuracy degradation under the government-imposed Selective Availability (SA) program. 15 meters: Typical GPS position accuracy without SA. 3-5 meters: Typical differential GPS (DGPS) position accuracy. < 3 meters: Typical WAAS position accuracy. Source: http://www.garmin.com

10. 10 Electrical and Computer Engineering GPS Modules CostChannelsWAAS Garmin GPS15-H: $5012Yes Motorola Oncore GT +: $458No

11. 11 Electrical and Computer Engineering  Acquiring access to OBD-II diagnostic information: Scanner from http://www.obddiagnostics.com:http://www.obddiagnostics.com Pre-assembled: $90 PCB and kit: $45 “Monitors general Obd-2 data: Fuel system … Coolant temperature … Engine Rpm, Vehicle speed … Throttle position…“ “Mileage monitor; Computes miles per gallon (instantaneous and averaged) as well as cumulative fuel used and distance travelled.“ Also RS 232 Compliant (makes use of serial interface)

12. 12 Electrical and Computer Engineering Block Diagram

13. 13 Electrical and Computer Engineering Design Challenges  Making the system user friendly Mass market devices must be easy to use  Accurately determining position  Make system reliable  Make system expandable  Adaptable to different vehicle models

14. 14 Electrical and Computer Engineering Costs  Transcievers for communcation from vehicle to vehicle will operate on U.S. government allocated 5.9GHz bandwidth specifically for Dedicated Short Range Communcation for vehicles: “In a Report and Order adopted today, the FCC decided to use the 5.850-5.925 GHz band for a variety of Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) uses, such as traffic light control, traffic monitoring, travelers' alerts, automatic toll collection, traffic congestion detection, emergency vehicle signal preemption of traffic lights, and electronic inspection of moving trucks through data transmissions with roadside inspection facilities.” October 21, 1999 FCC ALLOCATES SPECTRUM IN 5.9 GHz RANGE FOR INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS USES

15. 15 Electrical and Computer Engineering Design Alternatives  Location detector GPS Range Finder – Not practical Gyroscope – Orientation only  Speed Detector GPS DGPS OBD-II – Most accurate (info directly from vehicle)

16. 16 Electrical and Computer Engineering Design Alternatives  Location detector GPS +SBAS Range Finder – Not practical Gyroscope – Orientation only  Speed Detector GPS DGPS OBD-II – Most accurate (info directly from vehicle)  Microcontroller Serial interface to GPS board Atmel AVR

17. 17 Electrical and Computer Engineering MDR Goals  Integration of MCU with GPS, OBDII, Transceiver  Demonstration of expandability Simple Software Use of simulators and/or real cars

18. 18 Electrical and Computer Engineering Deliverables  Working communication between multiple cars Each unit integrates correctly between GPS, OBD-II, integrated transceiver and microcontroller  Demonstration of real world functionality  Visual display of information received from other vehicles  Instructions for using system for development purposes  Easy-access interface to data with fastest possibly refresh rate for up to date information

19. 19 Electrical and Computer Engineering Q & A ? ? ????? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?