1. ILM Presentation David Lenihan January 15 th, 2007

2. Who Am I? David Lenihan Dallas, Texas Software Engineer Love all things related to 3D graphics Attend SIGGRAPH every year for past 10 years

3. Who Am I? 9+ years developing flight simulator software  Real-time (<16 ms per frame)  C++  OpenGL  Shading Languages: Cg & GLSL  Windows, Linux, IRIX, and Solaris  Plug-ins for Maya  Qt Toolkit for cross-platform tools

4. Who Am I? 3D Modeling  Purchased Maya Complete for $2,000 (ouch) to learn about modeling and animation Want to understand the whole 3D pipeline, not just the runtime side  2 Years Experience with Maya  A programmer that knows how to model

5. Modeling “War” Currently in a modeling “war” with some friends  Idea: pick something to model and post your progress and findings to a blog  Goal: learn more about how to model  Antagonize each other via comments on blogs that aren’t updating enough so we don’t lose interest in the “war”

6. Modeling “War” Building Bank of America Plaza  Tallest/most distinct building in Dallas  72 stories Wanted to use geometry for details, not texture/photos  In flight simulators, a building is usually a cube with texture. Easy/Quick to create Renders fast  Why? Looks good at any zoom level Photos have incorrect lighting for dynamic environments

7. Modeling “War”

8. Window Frame was my first completed component  Geometry-only  No Texture  Single default material

9. Modeling “War”

10. My model looks “flat” Why didn’t my model look as “cool” as the models I see in tutorials?

11. Modeling “War”

12. Found It!  Article in Game Developer Magazine  “Ambient Occlusion and You”, by Ryan Ellis  August 2006

13. Audience Background Use Maya? Use Ambient Occlusion?

14. Why Ambient Occlusion is Interesting Unique, non-photorealistic look Great for showing off geometric detail Fast (compared to Global Illumination) Several uses  Dirt/Rust Shader  Ambient light pass when compositing an image Easy to understand how it works Becoming mainstream. Supported in:  Autodesk Maya 6.5+  Autodesk Max 7+  Google SketchUp  Hash Animation:Master  Etc.

15. Ambient Occlusion in Flight Sims Surprised to find none of our real-time modelers knew about Ambient Occlusion Why?  Real-time modeling (Creator) only supports OpenGL hardware accelerated lighting (per vertex/Gouruad)  Use a single light source (Sun or Moon)  No Shadows  Speed (<16 ms) more important than image quality  Draw everything in one pass

16. What is Ambient Occlusion? A bit like telling Ben Franklin about how electricity works…  ILM invented Ambient Occlusion!  Presented at SIGGRAPH 2002 (San Antonio) course by ILM’s Hayden Landis “Production Ready Global Illumination” http://www.debevec.org/HDRI2004/landis-S2002-course16- prodreadyGI.pdf http://www.debevec.org/HDRI2004/landis-S2002-course16- prodreadyGI.pdf Ambient Occlusion is how much ambient light a surface will likely receive  White indicates maximum ambient light (no occlusion)  Black indicates no ambient light (fully occluded) Also known as “Sky Light”

17. How Does It Work? For every visible point…  Shoot rays randomly out (TotalRays)  Count the number of rays that do not intersect with an object (NumMisses)  Set point color == NumMisses/TotalRays

18. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Start with the window I built

20. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Render with Maya Software for reference

22. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Create Mental Ray Ambient Occlusion Texture in HyperShade

24. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Middle Mouse drag texture to window  Connect texture “OutValue” to initialShadingGroup “SurfaceShader”

26. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Let’s see what it looks like…render with “Mental Ray”

28. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Looks grainy…fix it!  Increase number of samples from 64 to 256

30. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Re-render!

32. How to Do Ambient Occlusion in Maya Done!  Compare Maya Software render to Mental Ray Ambient Occlusion Render

35. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambient_occlusion http://www- viz.tamu.edu/students/bmoyer/617/ambocc/ http://www- viz.tamu.edu/students/bmoyer/617/ambocc/ http://www.debevec.org/HDRI2004/landis- S2002-course16-prodreadyGI.pdf http://www.debevec.org/HDRI2004/landis- S2002-course16-prodreadyGI.pdf “Ambient Occlusion and You”, Ryan Ellis, Game Developer Magazine, August 2006 Autodesk Maya 8.0 Online Help

36. The End Thanks for listening!