1. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-1 COS 346 Day 2

2. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-2 Agenda Questions? Assignment 1 Is Due Finish Intro to SQL from Kroneke text Introduction form Bordoloi Text

3. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-3 Querying Multiple Tables: Subqueries SELECTSUM (ExtendedPrice) AS Revenue FROMORDER_ITEM WHERESKU IN (SELECTSKU FROMSKU_DATA WHERE Department = 'Water Sports'); Note: The second SELECT statement is a subquery. Subqueries allow you to get information from multiple tables but data from only one table

4. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-4 Querying Multiple Tables: Subqueries (Continued) SELECTBuyer FROMSKU_DATA WHERESKU IN (SELECTSKU FROMORDER_ITEM WHEREOrderNumber IN (SELECTOrderNumber FROMRETAIL_ORDER WHEREOrderMonth = 'January' ANDOrderYear = 2004));

5. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-5 Querying Multiple Tables: Joins SELECTBuyer, ExtendedPrice FROMSKU_DATA, ORDER_ITEM WHERESKU_DATA.SKU = ORDER_ITEM.SKU; Joins allow you to get information and dfata from multiple related tables

6. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-6 Querying Multiple Tables: Joins (Continued) SELECTBuyer, SUM(ExtendedPrice) AS BuyerRevenue FROMSKU_DATA, ORDER_ITEM WHERESKU_DATA.SKU = ORDER_ITEM.SKU GROUP BYBuyer ORDER BYBuyerRevenue DESC;

7. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-7 Querying Multiple Tables: Joins (Continued) SELECTBuyer, ExtendedPrice, OrderMonth FROMSKU_DATA, ORDER_ITEM, RETAIL_ORDER WHERESKU_DATA.SKU = ORDER_ITEM.SKU ANDORDER_ITEM.OrderNumber = RETAIL_ORDER.OrderNumber;

8. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-8 Subqueries versus Joins Subqueries and joins both process multiple tables. A subquery can only be used to retrieve data from the top table. A join can be used to obtain data from any number of tables, including the “top table” of the subquery. In Chapter 7, we will study the correlated subquery. That kind of subquery can do work that is not possible with joins.

9. DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall 1-9 David M. Kroenke’s Database Processing Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation (10 th Edition) End of Presentation: Chapter Two Part Two

10. 10 SQL for SQL Server Bijoy Bordoloi and Douglas Bock Chapter 1: Introduction

11. 11SQL SQL, pronounced ‘Sequel’ or simply S-Q-L, is a computer programming language that was developed especially for querying relational databases using a nonprocedural approach.SQL, pronounced ‘Sequel’ or simply S-Q-L, is a computer programming language that was developed especially for querying relational databases using a nonprocedural approach. The term nonprocedural means that you can extract information by simply telling the system what information is needed without telling it how to perform the data retrieval.The term nonprocedural means that you can extract information by simply telling the system what information is needed without telling it how to perform the data retrieval. Transact-SQL or T-SQL is Microsoft's implementation of the SQL language.Transact-SQL or T-SQL is Microsoft's implementation of the SQL language.

12. 12 Chapter OBJECTIVES Develop a basic understanding of the relational database.Develop a basic understanding of the relational database. Learn the general capabilities of a relational database management system.Learn the general capabilities of a relational database management system. Become familiar with the features of the SQL Server relational database management system.Become familiar with the features of the SQL Server relational database management system. Learn to use the SQL Query Analyzer.Learn to use the SQL Query Analyzer. Become familiar with the basic relational operations including the selection, projection, and join operations.Become familiar with the basic relational operations including the selection, projection, and join operations. Become familiar with the basic syntax of the SELECT statement.Become familiar with the basic syntax of the SELECT statement. Learn the T-SQL naming conventions.Learn the T-SQL naming conventions.

13. 13 DATA AND INFORMATION Information is derived from raw facts known as data.Information is derived from raw facts known as data. Data has little meaning or usefulness to managers unless it is organized in some logical manner.Data has little meaning or usefulness to managers unless it is organized in some logical manner. One of the most efficient ways to organize and manage data is through the use of database management systems (DBMS).One of the most efficient ways to organize and manage data is through the use of database management systems (DBMS).

14. 14 DBMS Some popular relational DBMS products are the Oracle RDBMS, IBM’s DB2, Microsoft’s SQL Server, and Microsoft’s desktop single user RDBMS named Microsoft Access.Some popular relational DBMS products are the Oracle RDBMS, IBM’s DB2, Microsoft’s SQL Server, and Microsoft’s desktop single user RDBMS named Microsoft Access. A DBMS provides both systems development professionals and information users with an easy- to-use interface to their organization’s database.A DBMS provides both systems development professionals and information users with an easy- to-use interface to their organization’s database.

15. 15 Relational Database The most common type of DBMS software in use today is termed a relational DBMS or RDBMS.The most common type of DBMS software in use today is termed a relational DBMS or RDBMS. A relational database stores data in the form of tables.A relational database stores data in the form of tables. A table is defined as a collection of rows and columns.A table is defined as a collection of rows and columns. The tables are formally known as relations; this is where the relational database gets its name. The tables are formally known as relations; this is where the relational database gets its name.

16. 16TABLE

17. 17 Characteristics of a Relation (Table) The order of rows and columns is immaterial.The order of rows and columns is immaterial. All values are atomic (indivisible) – each row/column intersection represents a single value. In other words, ‘repeating groups’ are not allowed.All values are atomic (indivisible) – each row/column intersection represents a single value. In other words, ‘repeating groups’ are not allowed. Every value in a column must be a member of a conceptual set of atomic values called a domain.Every value in a column must be a member of a conceptual set of atomic values called a domain. –Unsigned Integer domain 0 – 65364 (8 bits) A value may be null, that is, not known or inapplicable.A value may be null, that is, not known or inapplicable. A relation, by definition, cannot have duplicate rows. Every table must have a ‘Primary Key’,which guarantees that there are no duplicate rows.A relation, by definition, cannot have duplicate rows. Every table must have a ‘Primary Key’,which guarantees that there are no duplicate rows.

18. 18 Relating Tables: Foreign Keys Foreign key – a (simple or composite) column that refers to the primary key of some table (including itself) in a database.Foreign key – a (simple or composite) column that refers to the primary key of some table (including itself) in a database. Foreign and primary keys must be defined on same data type (and from the same domain).Foreign and primary keys must be defined on same data type (and from the same domain). A relational DBMS can relate any data field in one table to any data field in another table as long as the two tables share a data field that is defined on the same ‘domain’ (the same data type).A relational DBMS can relate any data field in one table to any data field in another table as long as the two tables share a data field that is defined on the same ‘domain’ (the same data type). Therefore, if a table has a foreign key then you can always link (‘join’) this table with the table where this foreign key is the primary key.Therefore, if a table has a foreign key then you can always link (‘join’) this table with the table where this foreign key is the primary key. Foreign keys are also discussed further in Chapter 2.Foreign keys are also discussed further in Chapter 2.

19. 19 Relating Tables

20. 20 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM A database management system (DBMS) manages the data in a database.A database management system (DBMS) manages the data in a database. A DBMS is a software package (collection of programs) that enables the users to create and maintain a database.A DBMS is a software package (collection of programs) that enables the users to create and maintain a database. A DBMS also enables data to be shared.A DBMS also enables data to be shared. SQL is the language used to create and retrieve data from a relational database using a RDMS, such as SQL Server.SQL is the language used to create and retrieve data from a relational database using a RDMS, such as SQL Server.

21. 21 DBMS

22. 22 DATA Two types of data are stored within a database.Two types of data are stored within a database. User data: Data that must be stored by an organization.User data: Data that must be stored by an organization. System data: Data the database needs to manage user data to manage itself. This is also termed metadata, or the data about data.System data: Data the database needs to manage user data to manage itself. This is also termed metadata, or the data about data.

23. 23 DBMS Services Data definition for defining and storing all of the objects that comprise a database such as tables and indexesData definition for defining and storing all of the objects that comprise a database such as tables and indexes Data maintenanceData maintenance Data manipulationData manipulation Data displayData display Data integrityData integrity Data security Database backup and recoveryData security Database backup and recovery

24. 24 SQL Server Versions EditionDescription SQL Server Standard Edition Small-and medium-sized businesses without large data center applications will find this edition best fits their budget. It supports up to four CPUs and 2GB of random access memory. SQL Server Enterprise Edition Aimed at large companies including multinational conglomerates that are moving into e-commerce. This version provides high availability and scalability. It can support up to 32 CPUs and 64GB of random access memory. SQL Server Developer Edition This is like the Enterprise Edition, but for system developers. It cannot be licensed for use in a production environment.

25. 25 SQL Server Versions Contd. SQL Server Desktop Edition This Edition has the SQL Server database engine, but not all of the management tools or analysis services. Database size for this edition is limited to 2GB. It supports full application development and deployment for small business applications. SQL Server 2000 Personal Edition This version has much of the functionality of the Standard Edition. It can service small groups of concurrent access users. It will run on desktop Windows operating systems from Windows 98 to Windows 2000 Professional Edition. SQL Server 2000 Windows CE Edition This runs on the Windows CE operating system for pocket PC devices.

26. 26 SQL Server Features FeatureDescription Internet standard support SQL Server uses Microsoft's new.NET technology to support data exchange across the Internet including new detailed support for the extensible-markup language, or XML. ScalabilitySQL Server can be used to build very large, multiprocessor systems. Security mechanisms SQL Server's sophisticated security mechanisms control access to sensitive data through an assortment of privileges, for example, the privilege to read or write specific information within a database. Backup and recovery SQL Server's sophisticated backup and recovery programs minimize data loss and downtime if problems arise.

27. 27 SQL Server Features Cont. SQL Server Features Cont. Space management SQL Servers automated space management capability makes it easy for a database administrator to manage disk space for storage. These capabilities also include the ability to specify subsequent allocations on how much disk space to set aside for future requirements. Open connectivity SQL Server's open connectivity functionality provides uninterrupted access to the database throughout the day. It also provides open connectivity to and from other vendors’ software. Tools and applications SQL Server provides a wide range of development tools, end-user query tools, and support for third-party software applications that are used to model business processes and data and to generate program language code automatically.

28. 28 SQL: DDL and DML SQL is used by SQL Server for all interaction with the database. SQL statements fall into two major categories:SQL is used by SQL Server for all interaction with the database. SQL statements fall into two major categories: 1.Data Definition Language(DDL): Set of SQL commands that create and define objects in a database. 2.Data Manipulation Language(DML): Set of SQL commands that allow users to manipulate the data in a database.

29. 29SQL SQL is basically a free format language. This means that there are no particular spacing rules that must be followed when typing SQL commands.SQL is basically a free format language. This means that there are no particular spacing rules that must be followed when typing SQL commands. SQL is a nonprocedural language. This means that the user only has to specify the task for the DBMS to complete, but not how the task is to be completed. The RDBMS parses (converts) the SQL commands and completes the task.SQL is a nonprocedural language. This means that the user only has to specify the task for the DBMS to complete, but not how the task is to be completed. The RDBMS parses (converts) the SQL commands and completes the task.

30. 30 Procedural and Nonprocedural NonproceduralProcedural SELECT emp_last_name, emp_first_name FROM employee WHERE emp_last_name = 'BOCK'; intIndex = 1 DO WHILE intIndex <= Count_Of_Rows If emp_last_name = 'BOCK' Then DISPLAY emp_last_name, emp_first_name End If intIndex += 1 LOOP

31. 31 SQL Query Analyzer GUI can be used to: –Create databases. –Develop, test, and debug stored procedures. –Run SQL scripts – these are miniature programs that contain either DDL or DML commands or a combination of these commands. An example would be a script to create a database, and then populate the tables in the database with data. –Optimize system performance. –Analyze query plans – these are the plans that the DBMS generates for processing a query. –Maintain and manage statistics concerning database performance. –Generate tune table indexes – the indexes are supposed to improve system performance for data retrieval.

32. 32 SQL Query Analyzer Contd.

33. 33 SQL Query Analyzer Contd.

34. 34 SQL Query Analyzer Contd.

35. 35 SQL Query Analyzer Contd.

36. 36 Creating a Database When SQL Server is initially installed, five system databases are generated. These are named: (1) master, (2) model, (3) msdb, (4) distribution, and (5) tempdb.When SQL Server is initially installed, five system databases are generated. These are named: (1) master, (2) model, (3) msdb, (4) distribution, and (5) tempdb. When you create a new database in SQL Server, the DBMS uses the model database as a template to create a new database.When you create a new database in SQL Server, the DBMS uses the model database as a template to create a new database. The command to create a user database is : The command to create a user database is : CREATE DATABASE CREATE DATABASE Note: You must have prior authorization from your system administrator to execute this command.

37. 37 Personal Databases Everyone has there own database on little blackEveryone has there own database on little black Read access to littleblackRead access to littleblack Admin access to personal database restricted to Tony and individual studentAdmin access to personal database restricted to Tony and individual student

38. 38 Creating a Database: In-Class Exercise Invoke Query Analyzer, Log on to SQL Server, and Create a database called Company in your own database:Invoke Query Analyzer, Log on to SQL Server, and Create a database called Company in your own database: CREATE DATABASE Company; Simply type the command in the Editor pane of the Query window and click the Execute Query button (or press the F5 key).Simply type the command in the Editor pane of the Query window and click the Execute Query button (or press the F5 key). Once the Company database has been created, you will see it listed in the Object Browser. If you do not see it in the Object Browser, simply right-mouse click and select the Refresh option to refresh the screen.Once the Company database has been created, you will see it listed in the Object Browser. If you do not see it in the Object Browser, simply right-mouse click and select the Refresh option to refresh the screen.

39. 39 The Company Database Throughout this textbook you will study SQL commands against the backdrop of a sample database called the Company database, which is described in Appendix A. You may wish to familiarize yourself with Appendix A at this time.Throughout this textbook you will study SQL commands against the backdrop of a sample database called the Company database, which is described in Appendix A. You may wish to familiarize yourself with Appendix A at this time. Note that the Company database you just created does not contain any data yet. Chapter 2 explains the commands to populate a database through creation of tables and insertion of rows in much more detail.Note that the Company database you just created does not contain any data yet. Chapter 2 explains the commands to populate a database through creation of tables and insertion of rows in much more detail.

40. 40 Using a Database After you have CREATED your database(s) you must use the USE command to select a database for future processing.After you have CREATED your database(s) you must use the USE command to select a database for future processing. You can type the USE command into the Editor pane and execute it also.You can type the USE command into the Editor pane and execute it also. USE Company; The command(s) completed successfully.

41. 41 Executing Scripts Sometimes you need to execute a script that contains a series of SQL statements. The Editor pane can be used to create and save a script as shown in Figure 1.8.Sometimes you need to execute a script that contains a series of SQL statements. The Editor pane can be used to create and save a script as shown in Figure 1.8. Simply select the Editor pane to make it the active window, then use the toolbar Save option and specify the location, file name, and file format when the Save Query dialog box displays.Simply select the Editor pane to make it the active window, then use the toolbar Save option and specify the location, file name, and file format when the Save Query dialog box displays. You should use the default filename extension of.sql when naming a script file.You should use the default filename extension of.sql when naming a script file.

42. 42 Executing Scripts (Fig: 1.8)

43. 43 Executing Scripts You can also open scripts and execute them, even if they were created with another text editor, such as Microsoft Notepad or Word.You can also open scripts and execute them, even if they were created with another text editor, such as Microsoft Notepad or Word. Figure 1.9 shows this operation.Figure 1.9 shows this operation. Select the Load SQL Script toolbar button and when the Open Query File dialog box displays, locate and select the name of the file to be opened.Select the Load SQL Script toolbar button and when the Open Query File dialog box displays, locate and select the name of the file to be opened.

44. 44 Executing Scripts (Fig: 1.9)

45. 45 Creating, Saving, and Running a Sample Script Practice creating, saving, and running a sample script file named Product.sql as shown in SQL Examples 1.1 and 1.2.Practice creating, saving, and running a sample script file named Product.sql as shown in SQL Examples 1.1 and 1.2. Type the code exactly as shown.Type the code exactly as shown. Do not worry if you do not understand (you are not expected to) the code at this point. Things will become clearer as we cover more materials in later chapters. Do not worry if you do not understand (you are not expected to) the code at this point. Things will become clearer as we cover more materials in later chapters.

46. 46 Project.sql /* SQL Example 1.1 */ /* Product.sql script – creates a Product table */ /* in the Company database. */ USE Company; CREATE TABLE product ( pro_id SMALLINT PRIMARY KEY, pro_id SMALLINT PRIMARY KEY, pro_description VARCHAR(25), pro_description VARCHAR(25), pro_cost MONEY ); pro_cost MONEY );GO INSERT INTO product VALUES (4, "Kitchen Table", 879.95); INSERT INTO product VALUES (6, "Kitchen Chair", 170.59); INSERT INTO product VALUES (12, "Brass Lamp", 85.98); GO SELECT * FROM product; /* end of script file */

47. 47 RELATIONAL OPERATIONS: OVERVIEW SQL operations for creating new tables, inserting table rows, updating table rows, deleting table rows, and querying databases are the primary means of interfacing with relational databases.SQL operations for creating new tables, inserting table rows, updating table rows, deleting table rows, and querying databases are the primary means of interfacing with relational databases. The SELECT statement is used primarily to write queries that extract information from the database, which is a collection of related tables.The SELECT statement is used primarily to write queries that extract information from the database, which is a collection of related tables.

48. 48 RELATIONAL OPERATIONS The ability to select specific rows and columns from one or more tables is referred to as the fundamental relational operations, and there are three of these operations:The ability to select specific rows and columns from one or more tables is referred to as the fundamental relational operations, and there are three of these operations: –Selection –Projection –Join The purpose of the next few slides is just to familiarize you with each of these operations. We will study these operations in detail in later chapters.The purpose of the next few slides is just to familiarize you with each of these operations. We will study these operations in detail in later chapters.

49. 49 Selection Operation A selection operation selects a subset of rows in a table (relation) that satisfy a selection condition. That subset can range from no rows to all rows in a table. The SELECT statement below selects a subset of rows through use of a WHERE clause.A selection operation selects a subset of rows in a table (relation) that satisfy a selection condition. That subset can range from no rows to all rows in a table. The SELECT statement below selects a subset of rows through use of a WHERE clause. SELECT emp_ssn, emp_last_name, emp_first_name FROM employee WHERE emp_ssn = '999111111'; emp_ssn emp_last_name emp_first_name ------------- --------------------- -------------- 999111111 Bock Douglas

50. 50 Projection Operation A projection operation selects only certain columns from the table, thus producing a subset of all available columns.A projection operation selects only certain columns from the table, thus producing a subset of all available columns. The result table can include anything from a single column to all the columns in the table.The result table can include anything from a single column to all the columns in the table.

51. 51EXAMPLE This SELECT statement selects a subset of columns from the employee table by specifying the columns to be listed.This SELECT statement selects a subset of columns from the employee table by specifying the columns to be listed. SELECT emp_ssn, emp_first_name, emp_last_name FROM employee; emp_ssn emp_first_name emp_last_name --------- ---------------- -------------- 999111111 Douglas Bock 999222222 Hyder Amin 999333333 Dinesh Joshi more rows will display…

52. 52 Join Operation A join operation combines data from two or more tables based upon one or more common column values.A join operation combines data from two or more tables based upon one or more common column values. The relational join is a very powerful operation because it allows users to investigate relationships among data elements.The relational join is a very powerful operation because it allows users to investigate relationships among data elements. The following SELECT statement displays column information from both the employee and department tables.The following SELECT statement displays column information from both the employee and department tables. This SELECT statement also completes both selection and projection operations.This SELECT statement also completes both selection and projection operations.

53. 53 Join Operation: Example

54. 54 JOIN: Example The tables are joined upon values stored in the department number columns named emp_dpt_number in the employee table and dpt_no in the department table.The tables are joined upon values stored in the department number columns named emp_dpt_number in the employee table and dpt_no in the department table. SELECT emp_ssn, emp_first_name, emp_last_name, dpt_name FROM employee, department WHERE emp_dpt_number = dpt_no; emp_ssn emp_first_name emp_last_name dpt_name ------------- ---------------- -------------------- -------------- 999111111 Douglas Bock Production 999222222 Hyder Amin Admin and Records 999333333 Dinesh Joshi Production more rows will display…

55. 55 SQL Syntax Now that you've seen some basic SQL statements, you may have noticed that SQL requires you to follow certain syntax rules; otherwise, an error message is returned by the system and your statements fail to execute.Now that you've seen some basic SQL statements, you may have noticed that SQL requires you to follow certain syntax rules; otherwise, an error message is returned by the system and your statements fail to execute.

56. 56 T-SQL Naming Rules The rules for creating identifiers in T- SQL differ slightly from those in the ANSI/ISO-92 SQL standard.The rules for creating identifiers in T- SQL differ slightly from those in the ANSI/ISO-92 SQL standard. Identifiers are the names given by information system developers and system users to database objects such as tables, columns, indexes, and other objects as well as the database itself.Identifiers are the names given by information system developers and system users to database objects such as tables, columns, indexes, and other objects as well as the database itself.

57. 57 T-SQL Naming Rules Contd. There are several rules for naming database objects that must be followed: Ide ntifiers must be no more than 128 characters. Ide ntifiers must be no more than 128 characters. Identifiers can consist of letters, digits, or the symbols #, @, $, and _ (underscore).Identifiers can consist of letters, digits, or the symbols #, @, $, and _ (underscore). The first character of an identifier must be either a letter (a-z, A- Z) or the #, @ or _ (underscore) symbol. After the first character, you may use digits, letters, or the symbols $, #, or _ (underscore).The first character of an identifier must be either a letter (a-z, A- Z) or the #, @ or _ (underscore) symbol. After the first character, you may use digits, letters, or the symbols $, #, or _ (underscore). Temporary objects are named by using the # symbol as the first character of the identifier. Avoid using this symbol as the leading character when naming permanent database objects.Temporary objects are named by using the # symbol as the first character of the identifier. Avoid using this symbol as the leading character when naming permanent database objects. The @ symbol as the first character of an identifier denotes a variable name. Avoid using this symbol as the leading character when naming other database objects.The @ symbol as the first character of an identifier denotes a variable name. Avoid using this symbol as the leading character when naming other database objects. SQL keywords such as SELECT and WHERE cannot be used as an identifier.SQL keywords such as SELECT and WHERE cannot be used as an identifier.

58. 58 SELECT Statement Syntax Overview Each select statement must follow precise syntactical and structural rules.Each select statement must follow precise syntactical and structural rules. For example, you cannot place the FROM clause before the SELECT clause, or place the FROM clause after the WHERE clause or the ORDER BY clause, and so on.For example, you cannot place the FROM clause before the SELECT clause, or place the FROM clause after the WHERE clause or the ORDER BY clause, and so on. The basic syntax (including the order of various clauses) is as follows:The basic syntax (including the order of various clauses) is as follows:

59. 59 SELECT Statement Syntax Overview Contd. SELECT [DISTINCT | ALL] [TOP n [PERCENT][WITH TIES]] {* | select_list} [INTO {table_name} ] [INTO {table_name} ] [FROM {table_name [alias] | view_name} [{table_name [alias] | view_name}]]... [{table_name [alias] | view_name}]]... [WHERE condition | JOIN_type table_name ON (join_condition) ] [WHERE condition | JOIN_type table_name ON (join_condition) ] [GROUP BY condition_list] [HAVING condition] [ORDER BY {column_name | column_# [ ASC | DESC ] }...

60. 60 SELECT Statement Syntax you will learn the various clauses of the SELECT statement throughout your study of this text.you will learn the various clauses of the SELECT statement throughout your study of this text. Welcome to the study of SQL!Welcome to the study of SQL!

61. 61 SUMMARY This chapter: Introduced you to the basics of relational database, DBMS, and SQL.Introduced you to the basics of relational database, DBMS, and SQL. Familiarized you with the features of the SQL Server DBMS including its GUI, the SQL Query Analyzer.Familiarized you with the features of the SQL Server DBMS including its GUI, the SQL Query Analyzer. Familiarized you with the basic relational operations including the selection, projection, and join operations.Familiarized you with the basic relational operations including the selection, projection, and join operations. Familiarize with the basic syntax of the SELECT statement.Familiarize with the basic syntax of the SELECT statement.