1. from EML to Learning Design & Planned OS Implementations focusing on RELOAD Bill Olivier Director, CETIS

2. OU Netherlands EML In 1997 OUNL: strategic decision to provide eLearning as key to their future development 3 year internally funded R&D programme Many pedagogies already in use at the OUNL needed to be supported. How? Extensive research into pedagogies (100+) Abstracted a common meta-language: the Educational Modelling Language – EML Use EML to describe the learning process Core of the language: People engage in Activities with Resources

3. OU Netherlands EML People engage in Activities with Resources Elaborating the core elements of the EML: People: one or many, learners or staff –At design time, don’t know who –But can specify the ‘Roles’ they are to play Activities: description + structured info –‘learning objectives’; prerequisites; metadata Resources: learning objects & services –EML has many types of object –This got simplified in Learning Design Many Roles, objects & services need to be co-ordinated in a ‘learning flow’

4. OU Netherlands EML What kinds of Learning? Integrate use of content and discussions or more complex collaborative services Support group learning where people engage in either: –The same things at different times –Different things at the same time Support different types of learning –Problem-based & Project-based Learning –Tightly controlled Programmed Learning –Loosely controlled Role Play Learning –Etc.

5. OU Netherlands EML EML went through 3 cycles of: specification-implementation-refinement 1.Too general: described many pedagogies, but not enough functionality/detail to be useful 2.Too specific: Now useful but limited range of pedagogies 3.“Just right”: could describe a wide range of approaches with enough to be useful EML v1.0 was made public in Dec 2000 Key Questions: Will implementations provide enough? If not will future version be more complicated? – too complicated?

6. IMS IMS also started in 1997 By end of 2000 IMS had developed: –Metadata (to describe learning content & objects) –Enterprise (to pass enrolments & return results) –Content Packaging (to transfer & display content) –QTI (to describe portable tests and return results) –LIP (to describe learners and their learning) But nothing to describe the learning process itself CETIS had argued in IMS for the need to also support multi-person models of learning and saw IMS & OUNL specs as complementary

7. IMS Instructional -> Learning Design WG, 2001 Ambitious scope – Framework: –To describe learning processes –Support different approaches to learning –Multi-user as well as single learner –Portable, searchable, reusable, etc. …but couldn’t develop from scratch in 1 year July 2001, WG accepted EML as input specification from which to build Problem: EML very large. Solution : –Drop EML’s Content Description (DocBook derived) –Use IMS Content Packaging to hold ‘web content’

8. Extends IMS Content Packaging The Learning Design Specification suggests : –Learning Design goes into the CP Organizations element –It replaces the simple Organization/Item ‘Finder-style’ tree structure with a richer more developed structure –existing Content Packages can be re-used by reference or by including them as sub-manifests Conceptually LD wraps the content with: –Multiple roles and coordinated activities –Learning Objectives and Prerequisites are integral It adds Services – currently the main ones are: –send-mail –conference

9. Where LD goes in a Content Package IMS Content Package (imsmanifest.xml) manifest metadata organizations learning-design resources manifest (sub-manifests of included sub-packages)

10. Main Parts of Learning Design learning-design title learning-objective prerequisites* components roles * activities * environments* method play* act* role-parts* metadata (* = there may be many of these) Core elements of the LD Language Multi-player, multi-resource co-ordination

11. The Dynamics of Learning Design play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 1 Role-part 2 Role-part 3 Role-part … Role Activity Environment Learning objects Learning services Activity- Description method components

12. Sub Parts of Learning Design components roles learner* staff* activities learning-activity* environment-ref* activity-description support-activity* activity-structure* {sequence|selection} environment-ref* activity-ref* activity-structure-ref* environments environment* learning-object* service* mail-send* conference* environment-ref* method play* act* role-parts* role-ref activity-ref xxxxx-ref a reference is like an arrow pointing to another object. There can be several references to one object. (cf a Windows alias). References allow an object to be (re-) used in several places. ( * = there may be many of these)

13. Including CPs & SCOs in LD Ways of using CP with LD 1.As just seen: Use CP to package LD 2.Include CPs as sub-manifests 3.Reference CPs as files in the same package 4.Reference CPs as external entities via URL Ways of using SCOs with LD 1.Could include LD as an alternative Organization and include SCORM enabled content 1.Include SCOs as sub-manifests 2.Reference SCOs as files in the same package 3.Reference SCOs as external entities via URL When referencing other LDs, CPs & SCOs, need to use agreed Resource type identifiers

14. Accommodating Simple Sequencing IMS Learning Design has 3 Levels: –Level A is the core language –Level B adds properties and conditions to Level A –Level C adds notifications to Level B Why? –To allow staged implementations –To accommodate Simple Sequencing –Particularly for vendors that have already implemented Simple Sequencing By making properties & conditions optional, hooks can be added to include SS instead.

15. Accommodating Simple Sequencing BUT - SS has a single-user model - LD has a multi-user model SS included where LD supports a single user working with content LD properties and conditions provide greater generality –supports variables –Has generic if-then-else structure They are single and multi-user in scope Simple Sequencing aimed for an 80:20 –80% of (single user) cases –20% of the commands

16. How might a learning design play out in an example Example of Project-based Learning

17. play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 1 Intro Resources Overview, Approach and Main Tasks Learner Intro Read Introduction

18. play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 2 Intro Resources Overview, Approach and Main Tasks Teacher Notes Teacher Intro Read Introduction & Teacher Notes Example of Project-based Learning

19. play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 3 Learner Planning Agree Goals & Divide Tasks into the following groups: 1. … Planning Resources Conference System Guidelines Hidden Resources (initially invisible)

20. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 4 Teacher Planning Monitor Planning discussions. Make hidden resources visible as necessary Planning Resources Conference System Guidelines Hidden Resources (visible to teacher)

21. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Research 1 Search Internet for… Research 1 Search Internet for… Research Group 3 Research Group 2 Research Group 1 Research 1 Search Internet for… Role-part 7 Role-part 6 Role-part 5 Planning Resources Initial research links. Links to search engines + online databases Planning Resources Initial research links. Links to search engines + online databases Research Resources Initial research links. Links to search engines online databases

22. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Teacher Research Model research thinking & search techniques Role-part 5 Research Resources Initial research links. Links to search engines online databases

23. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 8 Learner Design Share found Resources. Design Web site on subject X Design Resources Conference System Design Tools Help Hidden Resources (initially invisible)

24. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 9 Teacher Design Monitor Design discussions Make hidden resources visible as necessary Design Resources Conference System Design Tools Help Hidden Resources (visible to teacher)

25. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 10 Learner Evaluate Evaluate reaction of peers to your Website (f2f) Send evaluations to Assessor Evaluation Conference System Evaluation Forms Email Assessor

26. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 11 Teacher Evaluate Monitor f2f evaluation as necessary Add redesign loops as needed Notify Assessor Evaluation Conference System Design Tools Help Email Assessor

27. Example of Project-based Learning play Act 1Act 2Act 3Act 4Act 5 Role-part 12 Assessor Evaluate Assess websites and return results email Teacher Evaluation Email Teacher

28. What might LD look like? 1. Participant’s Browser View of a Live Learning Design

29. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Completed Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design Role: Researcher 1 next

30. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Resources Object 1 Object 2 Service 1 Description ………. ….. ……………. Completed Role: Researcher 1 next Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

31. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Role: Researcher 1 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Resources Object 1 Object 2 Service 1 Description ………. ….. ……………. View panel for Service Completed next Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

32. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Description …… …. ….. ….. ….. ………… ……… ……. …. …. ………. Completed Role: Researcher 1 next Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

33. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Resources Object 10 Description …… …. ….. ….. ….. ………… ……… ……. …. …. ………. Completed Role: Researcher 1 next Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

34. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5Act 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 3.1 Activity 3.2 Activity 4 Resources Object 10 Description …… …. ….. ….. ….. ………… ……… ……. …. …. ………. View panel for Object 10 Completed Role: Researcher 1 next Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

35. What might LD look like? Act 1Act 2Act 3 Act 4 Act 5 Act 6 Activities Activity 5 Activity 5.1 Activity 5.2 Activity 5.3 Activity 6 Activity 7 Completed Role: Learner done Participant’s Browser View of a Learning Design

36. What might LD look like? 2. Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

37. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder next

38. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

39. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

40. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

41. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

42. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

43. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

44. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

45. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

46. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Conference 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

47. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Conference 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

48. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Conference 1 Send-Mail 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 next Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

49. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Conference 1 Send-Mail 1 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 drag Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

50. What might LD look like? Environment Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Resources Resource 1 Resource 2 Resource 3 Resource 4 Resource 5 Resource 6 ……. Environment 3 Resource 1 Resource 3 Resource 5 Conference 1 Send-Mail 1 Environment 5 Services Send-Mail Tmpt Conference Tmpt Conference 1 Conference 2 Conference 3 Send-Mail 1 done Author’s View of an LD Environment Builder

51. What might LD look like? 3. Author’s View of an LD Activity Builder

52. What might LD look like? Activity Editor Activity Title: Research 1 / Choose \ / View \ / Edit \ Learning Objective: URL Prerequisites: URL Description: URL Metadata: Environments: Environment 1 Author’s View of an LD Activity Builder

53. What might LD look like? 4. Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

54. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activities next Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

55. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 next Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

56. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 drag Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

57. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 next Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

58. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 drag Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

59. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 next Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

60. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 drag Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

61. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity Structure 4 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 next Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

62. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity Structure 4 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 drag Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

63. What might LD look like? Activity-Structure Editor Environments Environment 1 Environment 2 Environment 3 Environment 4 Environment 5 Activity-Structures Activity-Struct 1 Activity-Struct 2 Activity-Struct 3 Activity-Struct 4 Activity-structure 3 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity Structure 4 Environment 5 Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 done Author’s View of an LD Activity-structure Builder

64. What might LD look like? 5. Author’s View of an LD Play/Act/Role-part Builder

65. Acts: What might LD look like? Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Play / Act / Role-part Editor Plays: Play 1 Add Play next

66. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Complete When: On Completion: next Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

67. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Role-parts: Role-part 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activity: On Completion: next Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

68. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Role-part 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities 1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: On Completion: “edit” Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

69. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Research 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities 1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: On Completion: next Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

70. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Research 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: On Completion: drag Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

71. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Researcher 1 Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Research 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities 1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: On Completion: next Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

72. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Researcher 1 Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Research 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities 1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: On Completion: drag Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

73. Acts: What might LD look like? Play / Act / Role-part Editor Role: Researcher 1 Plays: Play 1 Act 1 Add Act Roles: Learner Researcher 1 Researcher 2 Researcher 3 Researcher 4 Researcher 5 Staff Teacher Assessor Role-parts: Research 1 Add Role-part Complete When: Activities Activity 1 Activity 2 … Activity-Structures Research Activities 1 Research Activities 2 … Activity: Research Activities 1 On Completion: done Author’s View of an LD Play / Act / Role-part Builder Add Play

74. An extended Role-Play as an example of using Learning Design Level A

75. The Versailles Role-play Example submitted by LTScotland to Learning Design WG A multi-school, -team, -player, blended learning, 8 week role-play of the Treaty of Versailles in 3 main parts: Preparation –Each school has six teams each playing a nation UK, France, USA, Poland, Italy, Serbia –Use online system for background research Given each country’s negotiation objectives History, maps and other links & materials –f2f, in each school, prepare for & run a trial negotiation –Each country, across all schools, prepare their strategy Negotiation Day –Main Negotiation Chamber & 15 ‘side-rooms’ –Agreements posted as negotiations proceed. Review @ end. Post-Negotiation Reflection –Each country prepares a website –What the outcomes of the Treaty means to their country

76. Learning Design Level B & Level C

77. Learning Design Level B Level B Properties –Local: to the ‘run’ of current LD instance 1.General Property- Unit of Learning as a whole 2.Person Property- each individual user 3.Role Property- all members of a role –Global: persist across LD instance runs 1.General Property- Unit of Learning as a whole 2.Person Property- each individual user –Property Groups 1.Groups a set of Properties of the same type 2.May contain (sub) Property Groups

78. Learning Design Level B Structure of a Property –Title –Datatype Integer, real, boolean, date, file, duration, etc. –Value (runtime) Equivalent structures are used in –IMS QTI results –IMS LIP (Learner Information Package) Activity.Outcomes To be explored: –how to integrate these in practice

79. Learning Design Level C Notifications Can be used to send messages BUT also to set values at runtime –This gives a degree of dynamic control over the run of a learning design instance –But requires knowledge of: a) the properties in the Unit of Learning b) the conditions that will act on them

80. Current Developments Open Source Reference Implementations, mainly focused on the RELOAD Project

81. Valkenburg & RELOAD Valkenburg Group formed March 2002 International membership focused on EML/LD Aim: to share development of –authoring systems –runtime systems RELOAD Project in JISC X4L Program –Partners: Bolton Institute & Strathclyde Univ. –LD from Nov 03 to July 04. Maybe 1yr extension Based on RELOAD editor/Colloquia P2P LMS: –Now: a complete IMS Content Packaging & MD tool –SCORM 1.2 editor and runtime + ADL integrating SS –July 04: Learning Design – Level A –Next Phase: Level B & C + enhance UI & operation

82. Valkenburg & RELOAD RELOAD under MIT Open Source licence –To encourage all kinds of implementation –Open source reference implementation Proposal: develop LD within the Valkenburg Group Others currently planning to implement LD: –OUNL (existing EML implementations / LD engine) –University of Calgary –UC Berkeley –LionShare (large Mellon P2P Repository Project) –LAMS (an up & running “LD inspired” editor and runtime player from WebMCQ in Australia) Exploring form an Open Source partnership

83. Current Status of RELOAD Completed: –IMS, IEEE LOM and UK LOM Core editors –IMS Content Packaging editor and player –ADL SCORM 1.2 editor –ADL SCORM 1.2 player Single user web server Runs on Macs and Linux as well as PCs To be included in Colloquia for disconnected learning –UKeU editor Completed by Others : –VDEX editor by Heriott-Watt University –Simple Sequencing/ SCORM 1.3 editor, first release at upcoming Plugfest by ADL

84. The Existing RELOAD Editor Architecture JDOM / JAXP wrapper DOM (Xerces) IMS CP/MD/SS/LD XML docs Controller mapped to DOM CP UILD UISCORM UI Plug-in Editor Interface Persistent Store / Digital Repository Views Controller/s Model XML Schema DOM Castor Tree Table UIForm View UI Default View Generator Editor DOM Generator XML Configuration files

85. TELCERT Content Reengineering Tool Extensions JDOM / JAXP wrapper Further Spec UIs DOM (Xerces) IMS CP/MD/SS/LD XML docs Tree Table UI Controller mapped to DOM App Profile UIs Further Standards UIs Plug-in Editor Interface Persistent Store / Digital Repository XML Schema Views Controller/s Model XML Configuration files XML Schema DOM Castor Enhanced Form View UI Default View Generator Editor DOM Generator XML Configuration files Additional, Enhanced XML Configuration files Application Profile XML Schema IMS DRI Z39.50 / SRW Interface XML Internationalisation files Application Profile XML Configuration File(s) IMS VDEX Vocabulary Import Data Entry Validator

86. Multiple LD aspect editors JDOM / JAXP wrapper Activities DOM (Xerces) IMS CP/MD/SS/LD XML docs Environments Controller mapped to DOM Role-Parts Plays/Acts Plug-in Editor Interface Persistent Store / Digital Repository XML Schema Views Controller/s Model XML Configuration files XML Schema DOM Castor Roles Default View Generator Editor DOM Generator XML Configuration files Additional, Enhanced XML Configuration files Enhanced OUNL LD Data Validator LD Subset XML Configuration Files

87. possible LD Runtime Architecture Colloquia 2 Colloquia 1 Colloquia 4 Colloquia 3 Personal LD engine Co- ordination via P2P messaging

88. proposed LD Runtime Architecture Colloquia 2Colloquia 1Colloquia 4Colloquia 3 Personal LD engine Multi-player LD Co-ordination Service (JavaSpaces) Co-ordination via Central Service

89. reusable LD Runtime Architecture Session Servlet 2 Session Servlet 1 Session Servlet 4 Session Servlet 3 Personal LD engine Multi-player LD Co-ordination Service (JavaSpaces) Web Server / VLE Reusable in a Web Server- based system

90. reusable LD Runtime Architecture Web Server / LMS 2 Session Servlet 2 Session Servlet 1 Session Servlet 4 Session Servlet 3 Personal LD engine Multi-player LD Co-ordination Service (JavaSpaces) Web Server / LMS 1 Scalable by adding servers for Cross-site or Cross-institution Learning

91. UNFOLD Project 2 year EC Framework 6 Support Project Aim: facilitate –Implementation –Effective use –Adoption of Learning Design Partners –University Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona) –Bolton Institute/CETIS –OU NL

92. Communities of Practice Use of LT for Learning Development of ‘Content’ Development of Systems Learning Providers Learning Designers System Developers Learning Research Hypermedia & Collaboration ICT Development Formative Evaluation Communities of Practice ‘Blue Skies’ Research and/or Development Applied ResearchDomain Enhancement of Standards Standards Developers Specification R & D Formative Evaluation Connected Communities of Practice needed for Spec Adoption UNFOLD Supporting: - Learning Providers - Learning Designers - System Developers Feedback to - Spec Developers

93. Contacts IMS www.imsglobal.org/learningdesign/index.cfm www.imsglobal.org/learningdesign/index.cfm Valkenburg Group Colin.Tattersall@ou.nl (Coordinator) Colin.Tattersall@ou.nl RELOAD www.reload.ac.uk. www.reload.ac.uk o.liber@bolton.ac.uko.liber@bolton.ac.uk (Project Manager) p.beauvoir@bolton.ac.ukp.beauvoir@bolton.ac.uk (Senior Developer) CETIS www.cetis.ac.uk b.olivier@bolton.ac.uk (Director) www.cetis.ac.uk b.olivier@bolton.ac.uk