1. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices 1. Flight and navigation instruments ALL AIRCRAFT SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH: A magnetic compass An accurate timepiece indicating time in hours, minutes and seconds A sensitive pressure altimeter, adjustable for changes in barometric pressure An airspeed indicator A pressure-altitude transponder capable of automatic reporting of data required for flight in controlled airspace A VHF radio capable of two-way communication with ATC and aeronautical emergency services and receiving weather information Other instruments or equipment as prescribed by the IAA An aircraft on a VFR flight (including an SVFR flight) in controlled airspace should have at least the following additional equipment A turn and slip indicator or A gyroscopic pitch and bank indicator with a gyroscopic direction indicator and means of confirming satisfactory power supply to the instruments

2. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices 2. Power unit instruments and equipment (piston engines) For each engine:- Fuel content indicator(s) Stick gauge (dipstick) for each oil tank Cockpit oil content indicator Oil pressure indicator Oil temperature indicator Tachometer Manifold pressure indicator (where needed for engine control) Ignition switches Coolant outlet temperature (liquid-cooled engines) Other instruments or equipment as prescribed by the IAA

3. 16. Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices 3. Miscellaneous safety equipment Portable fire extinguisher(s), nontoxic discharge, easily accessible First Aid kit, easily accessible A seat for every occupant over 3 years old A safety belt or harness for every seat Current maps and charts for the route to be flown and possible diversions, including airfield approach charts and procedures Ground/air signals for search and rescue purposes Spare electrical fuses (25% of the number of each rating fitted, or three, whichever is the greater) A list of visual signals and procedures for use by intercepting/intercepted aircraft Additional equipment as prescribed by the IAA for use in areas where search and rescue may be difficult (e.g. flight over water) Note: Additional equipment is required for night flying