1. Carbohydrates *monosaccharides Linear and ring forms: Abbreviated ring structure Macromolecules

2. *Disaccharides glycosidic linkage *Polysaccharides Storage Structural Macromolecules

3. Lipids *hydrophobicity based on structure Fats store energy *Glycerol *Fatty acid Fats can be: Saturated Unsaturated Macromolecules

4. Phospholipids Steroids Cholesterol: Macromolecules

5. Introduction to Cells How we study cells: *Light microscope microscope *magnification *resolving power *Electron microscope Two basic types: *Transmission (TEM) *Scanning (SEM)

6. A view of the cell: plasma membrane *All cells are membrane bound, possess ribosomes and contain DNA Red blood cell outside of cell inside of cell Hydrophobic region Hydrophilic region Phospholipid Proteins Carbohydrate side chain

7. *Two categories of cells: prokaryotic eukaryotic A view of the cell: Ribosomes 2. All cells possess ribosomes 3. All cells contain DNA cytoplasm cytosol *Additional components of any cell: Small Subunit Large Subunit

8. *nucleoid A view of the prokaryotic cell: *plasma membrane *ribosomes *cell wall *capsule *pili Kingdom Monera – archaebacteria and eubacteria

9. A view of the eukaryotic cell: Elaborately compartmentalized systems *Generalized animal cell *Generalized plant cell

10. A view of the eukaryotic cell: nucleus nuclear envelope outer membrane inner membrane nuclear lamina pore complex chromatin nucleolus *nuclear lamina *nucleolus *chromatin

11. A view of the eukaryotic cell: ribosomes *free *membrane-bound endoplasmic reticulum free bound endomembrane system *vesicles