1. Weight and Balance

2. Weight Aerodynamic Stability Control Overall Performance

3. Excessive Weight

4. Higher takeoff speed Longer takeoff run Reduced rate and angle of climb Lower maximum altitude

5. Excessive Weight Shorter range and endurance Reduced cruise speed and maneuverability Higher stall speed Higher landing speed and longer landing roll

6. Maximum Limits Maximum ramp weight Maximum takeoff weight Maximum landing weight Maximum zero fuel weight

7. Center of Gravity Limits Center of Gravity Reference Datum Arm Moment

8. Center of Gravity Limits MAC LEMAC TEMAC

9. Forward CG Effects Higher takeoff speed and ground roll Reduced rate and angle of climb Lower maximum altitude Reduced maneuverability

10. Forward CG Effects Higher stalling speed Reduction in performance caused by increased tail-down loading Reduced pitch authority

11. Beyond Aft CG Effects Decreased stability and increased susceptibility to over control Increased risk of stalls and spins of which recovery may be difficult or impossible

12. Lateral CG Effects Fuel imbalance Aileron positioning Decreased cruise speed, range, and endurance

13. Weight&Balance Documents Weight and Balance Report Equipment List Empty Weight center of gravity Licensed empty weight After 1979 changed to Basic empty weight Useful load

14. W & B Computations Moment indexes Center of Gravity found by dividing the total moment by the total weight Computation Method Graph Method Table Method

15. Weight Shift Computations Weight of Cargo Moved Distance CG moves Airplane weight = Distance Between Arm locations