1. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop1 Distributing Cognition in the design of ubiquitous computers Chris Baber Pervasive Computing Group The University of Birmingham

2. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop2 The Design Challenge UbiComp assumes highly interconnected network of disparate systems but there is no architecture UbiComp assumes invisible interfaces to users but users can’t manage want they can’t see UbiComp assumes adaptation to context, but it is not obvious which features are appropriate

3. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop3 System Layers Socio-technical interaction Human/computer Interaction Application Programming Cognition & Perception Assembly Language Operating Systems Machine Language Posture & Movement Digital Logic Physical Feedback Physical Inputs Information & knowledge Activity & Culture Convention

4. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop4 A Tangent… Distributed Cognition addresses the interactions between people and everyday objects to explore the relationships between the actions people perform and the environment in which they live and work

5. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop5 Distributed Cognition Exploring the ways in which objects in the world support human actions [HUTCHINS] Resources for Action [SUCHMAN] –Objects in the Environment –Procedures and sequences of action

6. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop6 What is being distributed? System-level view of cognitive Processes [PERRY] Input –Sensing relevant factors Processing –Interpreting current context Output –Determining appropriate response Provision of information Action of person

7. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop7 From theory to (design) practice Resources for Action [WRIGHT ET AL.] –Objects-in-the-World… Represent… –Abstract Information Structures… –Action on Objects changes their states

8. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop8 Context & Resources Goal Plan Action History State Outcome Posture & Movement Location Object / People Time

9. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop9 Simple Mappings GOAL indicated by: –Location –Adjacent Objects –Time (relative to schedule / diary) –Available information

10. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop10 Information and Movement

11. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop11 Annotation through action Capture image Rectify image Mark image –Drawing –Data from sensors

12. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop12 Collaboration through activity Search of site… detected and passed to Control where it is… displayed on screen… and directions sent back

13. Wednesday, 24 June 2015 3 rd UKIBNET Workshop13 Conclusions Wearable Computers provide a channel through which humans can act upon the world and the objects it contains in order to interact with real and virtual information In this way, cognition can be distributed across people and the (increasingly) smart environments in which they work and play