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Interviewer Training Overview: P riorities for L ocal A IDS C ontrol E fforts
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Conduct PLACE assessment in 2.Identify venues where people meet new partners ∆Community Informant Questionnaire (Form A) ∆Venue and Event Report (Form B) 3.Visit, characterize, map all venues ∆Venue Verification Form (Form C) 4.Find out if there are many new sexual partnerships formed at venues ∆Questionnaire for Individuals Socializing at Venues (Form D) PLACE Assessment Data Collection
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Community Informant Questionnaire Records characteristics of community informants Venue and Event Report Records information about each venue (location) or event (such as a festival or sporting event) that a community informant reports Venue Verification Form Records information about a venue from interview with responsible person at each venue (manager or owner) Questionnaire for Individuals Socializing at Venues Records information about individuals at venues PLACE Assessment Data Collection
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The Importance of Data Confidentiality
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Confidentiality of the Survey Information It is the responsibility of interviewers to protect the confidentiality of the people involved in the study ∆ Avoid leaving documents where they can be seen by unauthorized persons ∆ Avoid discussing the survey in a public setting where you may be overheard
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Confidentiality of the Survey Information Keep what you learn during an interview strictly confidential
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General Interview Instructions to Keep in Mind
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General Interview Instructions: Be Prepared ∆Make sure you understand each questionnaire very well and that you can use it easily and correctly ∆Review questionnaires until you feel confident and comfortable with them Fumbling can cause the respondent to lose confidence in you ∆Make sure you have all materials with you before heading to the field
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General Interview Instructions: Establish Good Rapport and Stay Neutral ∆A successful interview is founded on a good relationship with the respondent ∆Show that you are an understanding and friendly person
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General Interview Instructions: Establish Good Rapport and Stay Neutral ∆Avoid seeming bored, uninterested, or hostile ∆Do not allow your words, tone of voice, or body language to convey “judgment” ∆Remain friendly but neutral; avoid acting surprised, critical, approving, or disapproving
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General Interview Instructions: Asking the Questions ∆Ask the questions in order ∆Avoid showing questionnaire to the respondent Respondents may be influenced by knowing that questions are coming next or by seeing answer categories ∆Conduct the interview in privacy If others are observing, respondents may change the way they answer
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General Interview Instructions: Art of Probing Probing serves three main functions... ∆To encourage the person being interviewed to give more information, be more clear, or finish up an answer ∆To discourage the person being interviewed from giving irrelevant information ∆To improve rapport by indicating that you (the interviewer) are paying attention
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General Interview Instructions: Art of Probing When else should you use a probe? ∆ If a respondent has trouble putting his/her thoughts into words ∆ If a respondent is hesitant about giving you certain information
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General Interview Instructions: Art of Probing Probes you can use: ∆ Repeat the question you just asked ∆ Repeat what the person being interviewed said last ∆ Say “Anything else?” for questions where more than one response is possible ∆ Ask neutral questions like “What do you mean?” ∆ Non-verbal cues (pause, look, or nod) to give the person time to gather his or her thoughts
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General Interview Instructions: What to Do with “Don’t Know” Responses People say “I don’t know” when they: ∆ Do not understand the question ∆ Feel uncomfortable answering ∆ Really don’t know the answer
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General Interview Instructions: What to Do with “Don’t Know” Responses Probing helps to avoid “don’t know” answers: ∆ Repeat the question ∆ Sit quietly and wait ∆ Say, “Well, what do you think?” or “I just want your own ideas.” ∆ Try to probe at least once
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General Interview Instructions: What to Do with “Don’t Know” Responses ∆Don’t try and force an answer; stop right away if the respondent becomes irritated or annoyed
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General Interview Instructions: Controlling the Interview It is important to maintain control of the interview so it can be completed on time and in order If a respondent provides information that will be covered later in the interview, you can: ∆Politely tell the respondent that you must ask other questions first ∆Write down the information and confirm it at the appropriate stage of the interview
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General Interview Instructions: Ending the Interview ∆Tell the respondent that you are grateful for his or her very helpful cooperation ∆Immediately check the questionnaire to make sure it is complete; if answers are skipped or are not clearly marked, follow-up with the respondent right away
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General Fieldwork Reminders
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Tips for Fieldwork Success: ∆Re-read the manual often to refresh your memory! ∆Carry the manual with you to the field in case questions arise.
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Tips for Fieldwork Success: ∆Remember to practice and make sure you are comfortable with the questionnaires ∆Be polite to everyone you meet
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Tips for Fieldwork Success: ∆Complete the first page of a questionnaire, even if the respondent refuses to go further ∆Ask questions in a clear and simple manner and in the order they appear in the questionnaire
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∆Make sure to record answers accurately and legibly ∆If you are unsure about a response, probe in a neutral manner Tips for Fieldwork Success:
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∆Protect the questionnaires from dirt or damage ∆Ask the field coordinator about any questions, problems, or difficulties you may have ∆Remember to keep all survey and questionnaire information confidential!
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Things to Avoid: ∆Do not phrase questions in a way that suggests answers ∆Do not put words in the mouth of the respondent, or lead the respondent towards your viewpoint ∆Do not reveal your judgments or opinions about respondents
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∆Don’t leave any response column blank! ∆If there is a problem with any part of a questionnaire, write “CANCELLED” across the page and use a fresh questionnaire ∆Hand all questionnaires back to your supervisor, including those that are unused or partially used Things to Avoid: CANCELLED
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Things to Avoid to Maintain Confidentiality: ∆Do not allow people to observe the interview, and especially do not allow any person to answer on behalf of the respondent ∆Do not show the individual questionnaire form to the respondent or to any unauthorized person (this includes before, during, or after an interview) ∆Do not leak any names or interview information in any way, whether knowingly or by accident
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And, Finally… Do not combine your survey work with personal causes or activities for personal gain: ∆ Canvassing for political or religious organizations ∆ Canvassing for other organizations
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End of Interviewer Training Overview
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