1. NGRI Nanometrics Taurus Hardware & Software Training Presented by:
Kevin So
- introduce myself, background, etc.
- duration of my stay
- focus on practical side of the instruments

2. 1-Week Agenda
Mon, Aug 15: Taurus Introduction, Hardware and Software overview
Tue, Aug 16: Taurus configuration
Wed, Aug 17: Taurus Field Deployment and data collection
Thu, Aug 18: Taurus Field Deployment, data retrieval & analysis
Fri, Aug 19: Taurus Review

3. Introduction Outline What is a Taurus? Mechanical Specifications
Environmental Specifications
Electrical Specifications
System Architecture

4. What is a Taurus? Broadband Seismometer (Trillium 240)
Data Acquisition Server
(NAQS)
Portable Digital Seismograph
(Taurus)
Geophone
(Mark L-4)
Data Analysis

5. What is a Taurus? All-in-one, handheld, seismograph. Truly portable.
User friendly.
Low power, 650mW capable.
CF or ATA disk drive recording media.
Linux OS
Web browser user interface.
IP communications.

6. Mechanical Specifications
Machined aluminum case construction.
Weight: 1.8 kg.
3.5” Colour LCD (320 x 240)
IP-67 Compliant (with connector caps on).
Multi-colour status indicator LED.
Scratch and chip resistant finishing.
Keyed connectors to prevent wrong cable plug-in.

7. Environmental Specifications
Operating Temperatures (w/o insulation)
With Compact Flash media: -20o C to 60o C
With IDE disk drive media: 5o C to 55o C
Humidity: 0-100% non-condensing

8. Electrical Specifications
Sensor Inputs
Channels: 3 channels (user configurable)
Input voltage range: 40 V peak-to-peak differential
Hardware Gain: 0.4, 1, 2, 4, 8 (user configurable)
Software Gain: to 100 (user configurable)
High Pass Filter: user configurable

9. Electrical Specifications
Sensor Control
Sensor Type: Active or Passive
Power support: 9 – 36V DC
Power on/off: user selectable
Short circuit protection
Control lines: 6 user configurable (logic levels)
Supporting Mass lock/unlock, mass center, cal enable, etc.

10. Electrical Specifications
Digitiser Performance
Dynamic range: > 138 dB
Sampling rates: 10, 20, 40, 50, 80, 100, 120, 200, 250 Hz

11. Electrical Specifications
Calibration Output
Signal output: sine wave, pulse signal, pseudo-random binary
Mode: voltage or current
Initialization: user interface

12. Electrical Specifications
Timing System
Internal VCXO clock disciplined to GPS
Timing accuracy < 100 μS
GPS Receiver: 8 channels
GPS Antenna: external, weatherized, with 5 m cable
Duty Cycle: user configurable

13. Electrical Specifications
State-Of-Health
Instrument SOH: voltage, mass position, GPS status, instrument temp.
User SOH: 4 external user accessible SOH channels
Logging: configuration changes, software messages

14. Electrical Specifications
Data Storage
Removable media: Compact Flash or 1.8” ATA disk drive.
Capacity support:
Compact Flash 1-8 GB.
IDE disk drive GB.
Duration: > 600 days of sps w/40 GB ATA disk drive.
Recording mode: continuous ringbuffer.
Storage Format: Nanometrics STORE.
Data Extraction: streaming and miniSEED

15. Electrical Specifications
Communications
Interfaces: 10/100 Base-T Ethernet, RS-232 serial.
Protocols: UDP/IP (unicast/multicast), HTTP, RS-232 with IP drivers.

16. Electrical Specifications
Power
Input range: 9 to 36 V DC.
Protection: fuseless design, reverse polarity, short circuit.
Low voltage disconnect: user configurable.
Power Consumption:
Ultra low: 12V, buffered mode with CF
Low: 12V, buffered mode with IDE disk drive
Mid: 12V, communications mode, ethernet or serial
High: 12V, communications mode, LCD, configuration

17. System Architecture

18. System Architecture Analog Processor (TAP) Digital Processor (TDP)
3 channels 24-bit data channels, calibration circuit
Digital Processor (TDP)
DSP, filtering, GPS engine, timing
Control Processor (TCP)
Linux OS, 128 MB RAM, 64 MB Flash, comms. interface, java based code
Backplane (TBC)
connectors, internally soldered

19. System Architecture

20. Hardware Overview Connector Overview Button Layout and Functions
Status LEDs
Installing Removable Media
Powering up
Powering down
Accessing the Taurus

21. Connector Overview 7 external MIL spec connectors.
1 internal, behind the media door.
All connectors are keyed and are different in sizes.
No duplicate connectors.

22. Connector Overview… NMXbus SOH Ethernet Serial/USB Power GPS Sensor
Antenna

23. Connector Overview… Sensor Connector 26-pin female mil circular
Primary data channels
Sensor control lines
Switchable sensor power

24. Connector Overview…
Sensor Connector

25. Connector Overview…
GPS Antenna
TNC female
Active antenna (3.3V)

26. Connector Overview…
Power
3-pin male mil circular
9-36 VDC

27. Connector Overview… Serial/USB 19-pin female mil circular
Serial ports 1 & 2
USB (5V, 100mA)

28. Connector Overview…
Serial/USB

29. Connector Overview… Ethernet 4-pin female mil circular
Supports 10/100 Base-T
Auto-Sensing

30. Connector Overview… SOH 7-pin female mil circular 4 analog SOH inputs
10mA power output

31. Connector Overview… NMXbus 4-pin male mil circular
Provides data and power
Allows daisy chaining

32. Connector Overview…
Mini USB
Behind media bay door
Type B

33. 5-Button Layout and Functions
Move Up (moves through options in
drop down menu)
Enter
Shift-Tab (back one field/link)
Tab (next field/link)
Move Down (moves through options in
drop down menu)

34. Taurus Navigation: Menus
5-button pad

35. Taurus Navigation: Fields/Links
5-button pad

36. Status LEDs 4 status LEDs 2 for Unit Status
1 for Ethernet connection / activity
1 for Media Access status
Unit Status
Unit Status
Ethernet
Status
Media
Status

37. Status LEDs… Unit Status LED: Off – Digitiser is powered off.
Solid Red – Digitiser is booting up.
Normal conditions to capture data:
Fast Blinking Green – GUI is starting up.
Slow Blinking Green – normal operation.
Fast Blinking Orange – power up, unit boot up.
Warning conditions:
Slow Blinking Orange after power up – media
door open, low battery, poor GPS timing.

38. Status LEDs… Critical Fault Status:
Fast Blinking Red – fault preventing
normal operation.
Disconnected GPS
Missing media
Hardware problem
Software problem

39. Status LEDs… Ethernet Status LED Off – processor is powered down.
Orange – processor is booting.
Blinking Green – network configured,
carrier detected.
Blinking Orange – network is not configured.
Blinking Red – network is configured, no carrier detected.

40. Status LEDs… Media Access Status LED
Off – media door closed or pressed in.
Green – removable media (CF/IDE)
can safely be removed.
Red – removable media is mounted,
in write mode, DO NOT remove.

41. Installing Removable Media
Always power down the Taurus Processor before adding, removing or changing the media (CF/IDE).
You may lose data if the media is removed while the Taurus Processor is running.
You may lose data if the media is not inserted before the buffer fills-up.

42. Installing Removable Media…
Lift the plastic lever on the media door.
Twist the door knob counter clockwise to the unlocked position (lever is vertical).
Flip the lever flat against the door, allowing the handle to push against the chassis and causing the door to pop free/open.

43. Installing Removable Media…
Make sure Media Access LED is green OR the power is off.
Gently pull on the end of the CF/IDE to remove it.
Gently insert the replacement CF/IDE.

44. Inserting Removable Media…
Place and push the media door in place.
Twist the knob clockwise to the locked position (horizontal).
Flip the black plastic lever down as to lie flat against the door as shown.

45. Powering Up Basic Steps:
Connect the GPS, sensor and ethernet cables (if applicable).
Connect the power cable (9-36 V DC).
Wait for the Taurus processor to boot up (~1 minute).
LCD will be off, Unit Status LEDs will show status.
Once the Unit Status LEDs are blinking green or orange, you may start the GUI.
Press the center button (Enter key) for about 2 seconds.
Starts web browser GUI, and LCD (~1-2 minutes).

46. Powering Down Do not just disconnect the power cable! Basic Steps:
Go to Shutdown page from the web browser’s drop down menu.
Select the Shutdown option.
Wait for all status LEDs to be turned off to indicate the processor has been shut down.
Disconnect the Taurus power cable.

47. Accessing the Taurus From external web browser:
Connect the Taurus using the ethernet cable (15228) to your LAN or computer directly.
Open your browser and go to the Taurus URL:
The IP address of the Taurus is shown on the Current Status Page of the internal browser.
Take break and afterwards, review LED status, power up and power down with Taurus units.
Excerises: power up with units that have no GPS, no media, no ethernet connection. Proper shut down.

48. Software Overview Software Introduction Software Modules
Modes of Operation
Data Organization
User Interface
Taurus Configuration
Real-time Data Access
Data Downloading
Software Uploading
System Security

49. Software Introduction
First true internet device for the seismic market.
Web server based data acquisition system.
“Thin client” approach, no special software required to interact with the Taurus.
A networked Taurus can be accessed from anywhere in the world!
Linux based operating system.

50. Modes of Operation Two modes of operation: buffered or communications.
Stand alone, unattended continuous data recording, no comms.
Lowest power consumption.
ADC/DSP acquires data into internal flash memory buffer.
Linux Processor is powered on to write to removable media when buffer is near full capacity. Processor powers back down until next write event.
Communications:
Continuous write to removable media.
Taurus and data are accessible via ethernet or serial ports.
Streaming to data acquisition server capable.

51. Software Modules

52. Data Organization Data types: waveform, SOH, configuration, etc.
Next generation NAQS: STORE system.
Open database system, with STORE objects.
STORE object combines waveform, SOH and config data for a given time period – all in a single file.
Waveform data is stored in 1st difference Steim format.
SOH & config data are stored in XML/RDF.
STORE uses URL as primary index.
Data is self describing (where, when, whom).

53. User Interface On-board colour LCD. 5-button navigation.
Access to acquisition system via web browser:
Real-time waveform data.
SOH data.
Configuration information.
Calibration commands.

54. Taurus Configuration All data types are recorded by default.
Minimal configuration required to get data recording started.
Units can be configured individually.
Units can have its configuration uploaded as an XML file.
All configuration changes are logged to the STORE for traceability.

55. Accessing real-time data
2 protocols: UDP/IP or HTTP.
UDP/IP:
Broadcasts data packets to an unicast or multicast IP address.
HTTP:
Uses a TCP/IP socket and HTTP between Taurus and receiving software.
HTTP allows POST and GET commands to/from Taurus.
HTTP is implemented in all web servers/browsers.

56. Data Downloading
Request for specific data segments via web interface or HTTP commands.
Request for: waveform data, SOH and config.
Option to directly extract data into miniSEED.
All resources available to the web browser can be accessed directly from customer developed software.
Standard HTTP protocols and URL.

57. System Security Linux operating system.
User and password protection for all IP service access.
Accounts and access rights.
Full implementation in Taurus Version 2.0

58. Taurus Menus Overview Main Menus Menu Map Status Page Waveform Page
SOH Page
Timing Page
Sensor Page
GPS Satellites Page
GPS Map Page
Data Availability Page
Data Retrieval Page
Configuration Page
System Info Page
Factory Settings Page
Shutdown Page

59. Main Menus Main menu pages: Current Status Waveform SOH Timing Sensor
GPS Satellites
GPS Map
Data Availability
Data Retrieval (ext. browser only)
Configuration
System Info
Factory Settings
Shutdown

60. Menu Map

61. Menu Map…

62. Menu Map…

63. Menu Map…

64. Menu Map…

65. Menu Map…

66. Menu Map…

67. Menu Map…

68. Main Menu: Status Page Default startup page. Indicates Taurus status.
% of store used
Days of store remaining
# of channels, sampling rate
IP address
Voltage, power consumption
Waveform
Fault Indicators

69. Main Menu: Waveform Page
Near real-time seismic data.
View duration 5-120s.
Scale selectable from 10e6 to 2 counts.
Auto scaling option.
Pause.
Option to view individual channel waveform.

70. Main Menu: SOH Page Displays state-of-health info.
Unit internal temperature.
Input voltage.
NMXbus voltage.
Power consumption by sub- systems.
Voltage levels on external/user SOH channels.

71. Main Menu: Timing Page Displays timing information. PLL state.
Current UTC date & time.
Time quality.
GPS engine status.
Location information.
# of satellites acquired.

72. Main Menu: Sensor Page Provides sensor controls and commands.
Mass: Center, Lock/Unlock.
Power to sensor.
Sensor sensitivity.
Calibration commands.
Calibration setup.

73. Main Menu: GPS Satellites Page
GPS Satellite information.
Satellite ID.
Satellite status.
Elevation angle.
Azimuth.
Signal Strength (in Antenna Measurement Unit).

74. Main Menu: GPS Map Page Provides a GPS Skyplot!
Graphical display of visible satellites and their signal strengths.

75. Main Menu: Data Availability Page
Graphical & text summaries of available data segments based on time.
Quick overview (monthly, weekly, daily).
Default monthly view of all 3 time series channels.
Display data and time gaps.
Data Gap = missing data.
Time Gap = time jump but no missing data.

76. Main Menu: Data Retrieval Page (Ext. browser)
Allows the user to download any of the four types of data (waveform, SOH, logs & configuration).

77. Main Menu: Configuration Page.
Configure digitiser sampling rate & Taurus operating mode.
Configure calibration information.
Configure storage.
Make STORE read only.
Upload configuration file (w/ext. browser only).

78. Main Menu: System Info Page
Provides firmware and hardware information.
Hardware sub-assembly revisions.
Firmware versions.
Upload & Download.

79. Main Menu: Factory Settings Page
From here, you can configure all Taurus settings!
General: LCD time out.
Networking: IP address.
Storage: Media type & size.
Sensor & Timing: control lines.
Digitizer: sampling, input range.

80. Main Menu: Shutdown Page
Turn off display,
Turns off LCD.
Restart,
necessary for certain configuration changes.
Shutdown,
Powers down the processor, to switch media or to deploy for data collecting.

81. Exercises Taurus start-up Switching Media Taurus shut-down
System Status